南开大学外国语学院专业英语历年考研真题及详解.pdf

2000年南开大学外国语学院专业英语考研真题及详解 (Write all your a
wer bellow the questio
. Do not use separated sheets except the last two questio
in Part II) Part I. Linguistics (50%) I. Define each of the following terms, giving an example where appropriate (10%) 1 Displacement 【答案】Displacement mea
that human languages enable their use
to symbolize objects, events and concepts which are not present at the moment of communication.查看答案 2 Free variation 【答案】Simply speaking, it refe
to the different pronunciatio
of the same word. If two sounds occurring in the same environment, the substitution of one for the other does not produce a different word form, but just a different pronunciation of the same word, then the two sounds are in free variation.查看答案 3 Se
e 【答案】Se
e is concerned with the relatio
hip between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of experience, while the reference deals with the inherent meaning of the linguistic form.查看答案 4 Morphophonology 【答案】Morphophonology is a branch of linguistics referring to the analysis and classification of the phonological facto
that affect the appearance of morphemes, and correspondingly, the grammatical facto
that affect the appearance of phonemes. It is also called morphonology or morphonemics.查看答案 5 Diachronic linguistics 【答案】It refer to the study of a language through the cou
e of its history. Historical linguistics was a pervasive interest of the Darwinist in the 19th century; in the cou
e of their historical researcher into the development of the Indo-European tongues. 6 Dissimilation 【答案】Dissimilation refe
to the influence exercised by one sound segment upon the articulation of another, so that the sounds become less alike, or different.查看答案 7 Restricted code 【答案】A style of language use associated with informal situatio
, characterized by linguistic predictability and by its dependence on the external context and on the shared knowledge and experience of the participants for conveying meaning.查看答案 8 Illocutionary a