文学选读第一讲.pdf

Scansion 韵律分析 Scansion is the process of measuring斟酌 verse, identifying its prevailing meter格律 and rhythm节奏, and accounting for deviations from the metrical pattern. In scanning a poem, we try to determine its dominant rhythm and meter, and to account for variations from the norm. Rhythm 1. Definition: the regular recurrence of the accent or stress in a poem. It is what comes from the patterns of stressed and unstressed syllables. 2. How do we mark the rhythm of a poem? We use ’ for a stressed syllable and ﹀an unstressed syllable. For example: ﹀ ’ ﹀ ’ ﹀ ’ ﹀ ’ ﹀ ’ Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Meter 1. Definition: Meter is the regular repetition of a pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables, (sometimes called accented or unaccented syllables) 2. Types of meter: Iamb 抑扬格 Trochee 扬抑格 Anapest 抑抑扬格 Dactyl 扬抑抑格 … Types of meter 1. Iamb 抑扬格：an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable; iambic抑扬格的 for example: ﹀ ’ ﹀ ’ ﹀ ’ ﹀ ’ ﹀ ’ As soon as April pierces to the root ﹀ ’ ﹀ ’ ﹀ ’ ﹀ ’ ﹀ ’ The drought of March, and bathes each bud and shoot Types of meter 2. Trochee 扬抑格：a stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable; trochaic扬抑格的 for example: ’ ﹀ ’ ﹀ ’ ﹀ ’ ﹀ Whan that April with his shoures soote Types of meter 3. Anapest抑抑扬格：two unstressed syllables followed by a stressed syllable anapestic:抑抑扬格的 4. Dactyl扬抑抑格：a stressed syllable followed by two unstressed