染色体畸变cbg 15内容.pdf

Chromosomeaberrations

cbg.15

MagdaCharalambous

m.charalambous@imperial.ac.uk

Checkyourunderstandingofthetopicscoveredinmyearlierlectures(andforsomeextra

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reading)byngtheoptionalquizat

Learninges

Byofthislectureyoushouldbbletodiscuss

•Euploidy

–Thenormalnumberofchromosomesinaspeciesieabalancedset

–eg2nforadiploid,3nforatriploid

•Aneuploidy

–Anreaseordecreasehromosomberbytheadditionorlossofindividual

chromosomes

–2n+1=trisomic;2n-1=monosomic

•Polyploidy

–Thepresenceofmorethantwochromosomesets;thisiswhatismeantbyachangein

ploidyleveleg3n,4n

•Chromosomerearrangements

–Changesinthestructureofchromosomes,ludingduplications,deletions,inversions,

andtranslocations

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linkageofasingledominantgene

rossB,veryoccasionally(1in2000offspring)

ared-eyedmaleorwhite-eyedfemaleisobserved.

Howcouldthisarise?

w

F1AlloffspringareredF1Femalesarered;malesarewhite3

Exceptionalprogenyduetomeioticnon-disjunctionduring

gameteformation

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1stDivisionnon-disjunction

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Animation1

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