中国舞台艺术的起源与发展2.docxVIP

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舞台艺术的含义(meaning); Performing art is the art ofperformingonstage,whichmainlyincludedramas(includingopera),folkart(曲艺),music,dance,acrobatics(杂技),magic,martialarts(武术)andotherartforms.

起源及发展(originanddevelopment);In China,performingartcanbetracedbacktothe11thcenturyB.C.aroundthewesternzhoudynasty(BC-771B.C.)1066.Thefamous“bigdance(大舞)is combined with dance,musicandpoetryand

otherartforms.Sincethen,Thefamouspatrioticpoet “jiuge”appeared,ithasastrongballetfactors(舞剧因素),butcan’tbesaidperformingartstrictly

Chineseperformingart,madearealprogressin1949whenthePeoplesRepublicofChinaestablished.“Thepigeon”isoneofballetsinthistime.Afterthat,traditional

music-drama(传统戏),newhistoricaldrama(新编历史剧),moderncreation(现代戏)hasagreatdevelopment.

Abriefintroductionofjingjuandkunqu:

BeijingOpera,alsocalledthenationaloperaofChina,isoneofthecountrysmajortraditionaloperaforms.Itsformationmaybetracedbacktoover200yearsago.Today,asoneoftheglowingpearlsoforiental(东方的) art, not only has Beijing Opera been widelyenjoyedalloverChina,ithasalsobeenwellreceivedallovertheworld.

LikemanyothertraditionalChineseoperas,BeijingOperamainlyreliesonsinginganddancingtotellstories.Itisacomprehensiveartform,whichsynthesizesliterature,music,dancingandfinearts.Itsactorsandactressesusefourbasicperformingmethodsonstage: chang (singing), nian(recitation),zuo (facial and bodyposturingandacting)andda(martialarts).Accordingtothegender,ageandsocialpositionofdifferentroleswhichtheyplay,actorssynthesizesliterature,music,dancingandfinearts.Its actorsand

actressesaredividedintofourcategories:sheng(maleroles),dan

(femaleroles), jing (maleroleswith facialpaintings) andchou(clowns).Intheperformance,themake-upandthecostumesoftherolesineachcategoryhavetheirow

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