机械工程英语第二版part2unit11翻译.docVIP

机械工程英语第二版part2unit11翻译

机械工程英语（第11单元）

RapidPrototypingandManufacturingTechnologies快速原型制造和快速制造技术

Introduction介绍

Manufacturingcommunityisfacingtwoimportantchallengingtasks：（1）Substantialreductionofproductiondevelopmenttimes;and(2)Improvementonflexibilityformanufacturingmulti-varietyandsmallbatch-sizeproducts.Computer-aideddesignandmanufacturing(CADandCam)havesignificantlyimprovedthetraditionalproductiondesignandmanufacturing.However,thereareanumberofobstaclesintrue

制造社会面临两个重要的艰巨任务：1大幅度减少产品开发时间，以及改善对弹性制造多品种，小批量大小的产品。电脑辅助及制造大大改善了传统的生产设计和制造。但是，有一个数字障碍计算机辅助设计与真正的一体化电脑辅助制造新产品的快速发展。

Tosubstantiallyshortenthetimefordevelopingpatterns,andprototypes,somemanufacturingenterpriseshavestartedtouserapidprototypes(RP)methodsforcomplexpatternsmakingandcomponentprototyping.Overthepastfewyears,Avarietyofnewrapidmanufacturingtheologies,generallycalledRapidPrototypingandManufacturing,haveemerged;thetechnologiesdevelopedincludestereolithography(SL),selectivelasersintering(SLS),fuseddepositionmodeling(FSM),laminatedobjectmanufacturing(LOM),andthreedimensionalprinting(3DPrinting)。ThesetechnologiesarecapableofdirectlygeneratingphysicalobjectsfromCADdatabases.Theyhaveacommonimportantfeature:theprototypepartisproducedaddingmaterialsratherthanremovingmaterials,thatis,apartisfirstmodeledbyageometricmodelersuchasasolidmodeler,andthenismathematicallysectioned(sliced)intoaseriesofparallelcross-sectionpieces.Foreachpiece,thecuringorbindingpathsaregenerated.Thesecuringorbindingpathsaredirectlyusedtoinstructthemachineforproducingthepartbysolidifyingorbindingalineofmaterial.Afteralayerisbuilt,anewlayerisbuiltonthepreviousoneinthesameway.Thus,themodelisbuiltlayerbylayerfromthebottomtotop.

为了大大缩短母摸、模具和样件的制作时间，一些制作厂开始利用快速原型制造技术来制作复杂的母模和零部件的原型。在过去几年中，各种新的快速制造技术，通