process costingch11工序成本核算.pptx

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PartBCostAccountingTechniquesChapter11Processcosting

Topiclist?Thebasicsofprocesscosting?Frameworkforprocesscosting?Losseswithscrapvalue?Losseswithadisposalcost?ValuingclosingWIP?ValuingopeningWIP:FIFOmethod?ValuingopeningWIP:Weightedaveragecostmethod

Processcostingisusedwhereitisnotpossibletoidentifyseparateunitsofproduction,orjobs,usuallybecauseofthecontinuousnatureoftheproductionprocessesinvolved.Topic1

ThebasicsofProcessCosting

materialslabouroverheadsprocess1losslossscrapWIPJoint-productsBy-productsprocess2materialslabouroverheadsloss

1.Featuresofprocesscosting(1)Theoutputofoneprocessestheinputtothenextuntilthefinishedproductismadeinthefinalprocess.

Materialsfromprocess1DirectmaterialsDirectlabourProductionoverheadAddedmaterialsDirectlabourProductionoverheadFinishedoutput

(2)Therewillusuallybeclosingworkinprogresswhichmustbevalued,whileitisnotpossibletobuildupcostrecordsofthecostperunitofoutput.

(3)Thereisoftenalossinprocessduetospoilage,wastage,evaporationandsoon.1000900

(4)Outputfromproductionmaybeasingleproduct,buttheremayalsobeby-products(副产品)and/orjointproducts(联产品).Dieselfuel柴油Petrol汽油Paraffin煤油Lubricant润滑油Pitch沥青

2.ProcessaccountProcess1accountunits$units$directmaterials100050000outputtoprocess2100090000directlabour20000productionoverhead20000100090000100090000

Process2accountunits$units$materials

fromprocess1100090000outputto

finishedgoods1000150000addedmaterials30000directlabor15000productionoverhd1500010001500001000150000

Topic2

FrameworkforprocesscostingStep1.DetermineoutputandlossesNormallossisthelossexpectedduringaprocess.Abnormallossistheextralossresultingwhenactuallossisgreaterthannormalorexpectedloss.Abnormalgainisthegainresultingwhenactuallossislessthanthenormalorexpectedloss.

Example:

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