自适应STWF与改进OMP的滚动轴承微弱故障诊断方法.pdfVIP

自适应STWF与改进OMP的滚动轴承微弱故障诊断方法

摘要：针对工业环境中随机冲击干扰下滚动轴承微弱故障特征提取难题，提出一种基于自适应短时维纳滤波（

AdaptiveShortTimeWienerFiltering，ASTWF）和改进正交匹配追踪（OrthogonalMatchingPursuit，OMP）的滚动轴承

故障特征提取方法。该方法首先采用包络峭度和随余比(RandomShocksandMarginRatio，RMR)作为联合判据，界定

窗长界限并自适应确定STWF最优窗长参数，进而将随机冲击干扰从测试信号中分离出来；然后，利用立方包络自相

关谱估计信号中周期频率，构造周期原子库，降低匹配原子冗余度；最后，利用相似性理论优化匹配追踪迭代终止条

件，并结合周期原子库，实现弱故障冲击特征快速、准确提取。根据仿真信号和通过变速箱下线检测所得工程数据，可

验证所提出方法可有效识别随机冲击干扰下的滚动轴承微弱故障特征。对比最小熵形态反卷积(MinimumEntropy

MorphologicalDeconvolution，MEMD)方法对于随机冲击干扰下滚动轴承微弱故障特征提取效果，发现所提出方法具

有更好的故障特征提取能力；与经典OMP方法相比，所提出改进OMP方法信号重构速度提升66%。

关键词：故障诊断；自适应短时维纳滤波；改进正交匹配追踪；随机冲击干扰；周期性冲击；相似性度量

FaintFaultDiagnosisMethodforRollingBearingsBasedonAdaptive

STWFandImprovedOMP

Abstract:Forthedifficultyoffaintfaultfeatureextractionofrollingbearingsunderrandomshockinterferencein

industrialenvironment,anewfaintfaultfeatureextractionmethodbasedonadaptiveshorttimewienerfiltering(ASTWF)

andimprovedorthogonalmatchingpursuit(OMP)isproposed.Firstly,themethodusesenvelopekurtosisandrandom

shocks-to-marginratioasjointcriteriatodefinewindowlengthboundsandadaptivelydeterminetheoptimalSTWFwindow

lengthparameters,soastoseparatetherandomshockinterferencefromthetestsignal.Then,theperiodicfrequencyofthe

signalisestimatedbyusingtheautocorrelationspectrumofthecubicenvelope,andtheperiodicatomlibraryisconstructed

toreducetheredundancyofthematchedatoms.Finally,thesimilaritytheoryisusedtooptimizethematchingpursuit

iterationterminationconditionstorealizetheaccurateandfastextractionofweakfaultimpactfeatures.Accordingtothe

simulationsignalandtheengineeringdataofgearboxoff-lineinspection,itisvali