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CHAPTER9VirtualMemory
PracticeExercises
9.1Underwhatcircumstancesdopagefaultsoccur?Describetheactions
takenbytheoperatingsystemwhenapagefaultoccurs.
Answer:
Apagefaultoccurswhenanaccesstoapagethathasnotbeen
broughtintomainmemorytakesplace.Theoperatingsystemveri?es
thememoryaccess,abortingtheprogramifitisinvalid.Ifitisvalid,a
freeframeislocatedandI/Oisrequestedtoreadtheneededpageinto
thefreeframe.UponcompletionofI/O,theprocesstableandpagetable
areupdatedandtheinstructionisrestarted.
9.2Assumethatyouhaveareferencestringforaprocesswithm
frames(initiallyallempty).Thereferencestringhaslengthp;
ndistinctpagenumbersoccurinit.Answerthesequestionsforany
replacementalgorithms:
a.Whatisalowerboundonthenumberofpagefaults?
b.Whatisanupperboundonthenumberofpagefaults?
Answer:
a.n
b.p
9.3ConsiderthepagetableshowninFigure9.30forasystemwith12-bit
virtualandphysicaladdressesandwith256-bytepages.Thelistoffree
pageframesisD,E,F(thatis,Disattheheadofthelist,Eissecond,
andFislast).
Convertthefollowingvirtualaddressestotheirequivalentphysical
addressesinhexadecimal.Allnumbersaregiveninhexadecimal.(A
dashforapageframeindicatesthatthepageisnotinmemory.)
?9EF
?111
2930Chapter9VirtualMemory
?700
?0FF
Answer:
?9EF-0EF
?111-211
?700-D00
?0FF-EFF
9.4Considerthefollowingreplacementalgorithms.Rankthese
algorithmsona?ve-pointscalefrom“bad”to“perfect”accordingtothe
faultrate.SeparatethosealgorithmsthatsufferfromBelady’s
anomalyfromthosethatdonot.
a.LRUreplacement
b.FIFOreplacement
c.Optimalreplacement
d.Second-chancereplacement
Answer:
RankAlgorithm
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