课件教程分析section 8 and cam8节cdcam.pptx

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课件教程分析section 8 and cam8节cdcam.pptx

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SECTION8LeukocyteDifferentiationAntigenandAdhesionMolecules

Immuneresponsesaremediatedbyavarietyofcellsandbythesolublemoleculestheysecrete.Centraltoallimmuneresponsesareimmunecellsbetweenwhichinteractionsareinvolved.Thebasisofinteractionofimmunecellsistheirsurfacemolecules,includinganumberofcellsurfaceantigens,receptorsandothermolecules.Somesurfacemoleculesaregenerallycalledcellsurfacemarkers.

CHAPTER1

LEUKOCYTEDIFFERENTIATIONANTIGENS

（一）conceptofLeukocyteDifferentiationAntigenLeukocytedifferentiationantigensarecellsurfacemoleculeswhichmayappearonordisappearfromcellmembranewhenstemcelldifferentiateintodifferentlineagecellsorwhenbloodcellsareinmaturationalstagesandactivationstatus.Inadditiontoobviousexpressionsonleukocytes,LDAsarefoundonerythrocytesandmegakaryocyte/platelets.Theyarealsodetectedonnon-hematopoieticcells,includingvascularendothelialcells,fibrocytes,epithelialcellsandneuro-endocrinecells.

Leukocytedifferentiationantigensaregenerallytransmembraneproteinsorglycoproteinsconsistingofextracellular,transmembranousandintracellularregions,withsomeexceptionalexamplessuchasglycosyl-phosphatidylinositolanchoredmembraneproteinsorcarbohydrategroups.

Dependingontheirextracellularstructure,leukocytedifferentiationantigensaregroupedintodifferentfamiliesorsuperfamilies,mainlyincludingintegrinfamily,selectinfamily,cytokinereceptorfamily,immunoglobulinsuperfamily,tumornecrosisfactorsuperfamilyandtumornecrosisfactorreceptorsuperfamily,etc.

（二）CONCEPTOFCLUSTEROFDIFFERENTIATIONCellsurfacemoleculescanberecognizedbyparticularmonoclonalantibodies.Allofthemonoclonalantibodiesthatreactwithaparticularmembranemoleculearegroupedtogetherasaclusterofdifferentiation(CD).Eachnewmonoclonalantibodyt