会计数据分析 Solutions_Manual Chapter_4 EOC_SM.docx

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会计数据分析 Solutions_Manual Chapter_4 EOC_SM.docx

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SolutionsManual–Chapter4

SolutionstoDiscussionQuestions

Therearefourwaysananalystcanvisualizedata,dependingontheintendeduseofthedata.Iftheanalystisusingqualitativedata(e.g.unstructuredbigdata),theycaneitherdeclareaconceptbypresentingtheitemasfact(quadrant1)orexplorepatternsinthedatathatmightbeofinteresttotheaudienceanddrivefurtherinvestigation(quadrant3).Usingquantitativemeasures(e.g.financialdatabases)theanalystcanlikewisedeclareafactorconfirmahypothesis(quadrant2)oridentifypatternsthatmaybeusedforhypothesisdevelopment(quadrant4).

Whetherthismakessensetothestudentissubjectiveandanswerswillvary.Forexample,theremayberelationshipsbetweenthequantitativeandqualitativemetricsthatoverlapquadrants.Also,ananalystmaybetaskedwithprovidingvisualizationstomanydifferentdataelementsthatmaycombineexploringthedataforpatternsanddeclaringaconclusion.

Singlevariablesallowdistributionamongvaluesorcompositionamongcategories.Ifyouhavearangeofvalues,ahistogramismostusefultovisualizethedistributionamongparticipants.CategoriesarebestdisplayedthroughtheuseofBar/ColumnorPiecharts.

Height–Columnhistogram

Haircolor–Columnchart,Piechart

Majorincollege–Columnchart,Piechart

Answerswillvary.SinceBoxPlotsareusefulforoutlierdetection,theyareusefulforvisualizingexceptionstointernalcontrols.Plottingtransactionaccounts(suchaspurchasecardtransactions)allowauditorstoquicklyobservewhetherthereisunusualuseractivityandallowthemtofocustheireffortonthosehighrisktransactions.

Studentsshouldgoto,clickLineGraph,andreadthedescription.AlsorefertoFigure4.4.

Comparisonsanddistribution.

Stude