泌尿系统课件.pptVIP

*输尿管Ureters1.一般形态Musculartube,about25cmlong三部腹部－descendonthepsoasmajorbehindtheperitoneum.盆部－infemales,passes2cmlateraltotheneckofuterusandliesbelowtheuterineartery.壁内部－passesobliquelythroughthebladderwallfor2cmlong.*医学下载吧*医学下载吧*医学下载吧*医学下载吧*医学下载吧*医学下载吧*医学下载吧*医学下载吧*医学下载吧*医学下载吧*医学下载吧*医学下载吧*医学下载吧*医学下载吧*医学下载吧*医学下载吧*医学下载吧*泌尿系统课件*CompositionandFunction肾(kidney)－formsurine.输尿管(ureter)－conductsurinefromKidneystobladder.膀胱(bladder)－receivesandstoresurine.尿道(urethra)－conductsurinefrombladdertoexteriorofbody.*肾Kidney1.肾的形态成对、蚕豆形、红褐色上端宽薄、下端窄厚前面圆钝、后面扁平外侧缘凸隆、内侧缘中部凹陷*内侧缘中部凹陷肾门(Renalhilum)－averticalslitonthemedialborderofkidney.肾蒂(Renalpedicle)－thestructureswhichenterandleavetherenalhilumiscalled.includingtherenalvein,renalartery,renalpelvis,lymphaticvesselsandnerves.肾蒂的结构顺序A－P:V.A.P.S－I:A.V.P.*肾窦(Renalsinus)－whichistherenalhilumleadsintoaspacewithinthekidney.－isoccupiedbytherenalvesselsandbranches、minorrenalcalices、majorrenalcalices、renalpelvisandsomeadiposetissue.*2.肾的构造肾皮质(Renalcortex)红褐色、富含血管、细小颗粒（肾小体）肾柱(renalcolumns)肾髓质(Renalmedulla)色淡、小的管道肾锥体(Renalpyramids):15-20肾乳头(Renalpapilla)乳头孔肾小盏(Minorrenalcalices):7-8肾大盏(Majorrealcalices):2-3肾盂(Renalpelvis)前后扁平、漏斗状*3.肾的位置腹腔后上部,脊柱两旁,是腹膜外位器官；左高右低,八字形左肾:T12~L3椎体上缘右肾:T12~L3椎体下缘第十二肋斜过左肾后面中部、右肾后面上部肾门:平对L1椎体，距正中线约5cm肾区:竖脊肌外侧缘与第12肋的夹角部位*LeftkidneyliesatthelevelfromthelowerborderofT11toL2;the12thribisbehinditsmiddlepartofthepostsurface.Rightkidneyliesslightlylowerthantheleftkidney,atthelevelfromthelowerborderofT12toL3;the12thribisbehinditsupperpartofthepostsurf