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2004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDon
ANSERSHEET1.(10points)
Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquency(crimescommittedbyyoung
people)focuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories
1ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior2theywerenot
sufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough
3withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimes
in4totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus,5asarejectionofmiddle
classvalues.
Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies,
6thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes
7lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheories,however,aretentativeandare8tocriticism.
Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly9juvenilecrimerates.Forexample,changes
intheeconomythat10tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment11make
gainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin12leadmore
youthsintocriminalbehavior.
Familieshavealso13changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofone-parenthouseholdsor
twoworkingparents;14,childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome15
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