植物逆境生理知识.docxVIP

植物逆境生理知识

目录

1.逆境概论................................................3

1.1逆境的定义和分类.....................................4

1.2植物对逆境的感知和响应...............................5

1.3逆境生理研究的重要意义...............................6

2.水分胁迫................................................7

2.1水分胁迫的类型和生理效应.............................8

2.2植物水分胁迫忍受机制................................10

2.2.1根系适应机制....................................11

2.2.2叶片适应机制....................................13

2.2.3代谢适应机制....................................14

2.3水分胁迫生物标志物和评价指标........................15

3.盐胁迫.................................................16

3.1盐胁迫的类型和生理效应..............................18

3.2植物盐胁迫忍受机制..................................20

3.2.1离子调节机制....................................21

3.2.2代谢调控机制....................................23

3.2.3渗透调节机制....................................24

3.3盐胁迫生物标志物和评价指标..........................25

4.高温和热胁迫...........................................26

4.1高温和热胁迫的生理效应..............................28

4.2植物高温热胁迫忍受机制..............................29

4.2.1热激蛋白.......................................30

4.2.2膜脂组成和结构变化.............................31

4.2.3热可逆形态变化.................................32

4.3高温热胁迫生物标志物和评价指标......................34

5.低温胁迫...............................................36

5.1低温胁迫的生理效应..................................37

5.2植物低温胁迫忍受机制................................38

5.2.1抗冻蛋白........................................40

5.2.2细胞膜结构调整..................................41

5.2.3代谢调控........................................42

5.3低温胁迫生物标志物和评价指标........................44

6.缺氧胁迫...............................................45

6.1缺氧胁迫的类型和生理效应............................46

6.2植物缺氧胁迫忍受机制................................48

6.2.1呼吸代谢调控....................................49

6.2.2代谢适应通路....................................51

6.2.3根系适应机制..............