2024年其他章相关考研真题.doc

ChaptersEight,Nine,TenEleven

I.名詞解释

1.（中山大學，武汉大學考題）officiallanguage

考點分析：官方語言的概念

Answer:Theofficiallanguageissimilartothestandardlanguageorthenationallanguage,butitisbynomeanssynonymoustothelatter.Itisusedforformal,officialsituations(orinmassmedia)anditsdistinctionliesinitssocialfunction.

2.(上海交通大學考題)affectivefilter

考點分析：情感過滤的定义

Answer:“Affectivefilter”isthetermStephenKrashenhasusedtorefertothecomplexofnegativeemotionalandmotivationalfactorsthatmayinterferewiththereceptionandprocessingofcomprehensibleoutput.Suchfactorsinclude:anxiety,self-consciousness,boredom,annoyance,alienationandsoon.Thisisanimaginarywallthatisplacedbetweenalearnerandlanguageinput.Ifthefilterison,thelearnerisblockingoutinput.Thefilterturnsonwhenanxietyishigh,self-esteemislow,ormotivationislow.Hencelowanxietyclassesarebetterforlanguageacquisition.Anotherimplicationisthattoomuchcorrectionwillalsoraisetheaffectivefilterasself-esteeminusingthelanguagedrops.

II.填空題

1.（中山大學考題）Anydiscoursecanbeasaconfigurationoffield,modeand______.

考點分析：考察語篇的三個方面

Answer:tenor

2.(武汉大學考題)A_____isamixedandlimitedlanguageusedforsomepracticalpurposesbygroupsofpeoplewhodonotknoweachother’slanguage.

考點分析：皮钦語的定义

Answer:pidgin

3.(上海交通大學考題)Whenapidginhasacquirednativespeakers,thatistosay,whenisbecomesthefirstlanguageofasocialcommunity,itbecomesa------------.

考點分析：克裏奥語的定义

Answer:creole

III.判断正误

1.（上海外国語大學考題）Sociolinguistsareinterestedin“termsofaddress”becausetheyoffersomesocio-culturalinformationaboutthetypeofrelationshipbetweenthespeakerandthehearer.

考點分析：称谓語中包括的社會性文化信息

Answer:T

IV.問答題

1.（广東外語外贸大學考題）Isthereanyspeechdifferencebetweenwomenandmen?Illustrateandexplain.

考點分析：性别原因在社會方言中的体現.

Answer:Accordingtosomeresearchers,thereexistsa“womanregister”thathasthefoll