7.主谓一致-2024届中考英语专项复习时态和语态.docxVIP

主谓一致

主谓一致的原则

语法一致原则

主要指语法形式上一致，即谓语动词必须在人称和数的形式上与主语保持一致，这一原则多适用于句子主语是名词或代词的情况。

Heisafamoussinger.

Theboyswhoareplayingtheguitararemycousins.

Lifeisfulloftheunexpected.

Asadmoviemakesmecry.

Theirmothercooksbreakfastforthemeverymorning.

意义一致原则

以主语表示的意义来决定谓语动词的单、复数。这一原则多适用于句中主语为集体名词、“the+形容词/v-ed/v-ing”、以-s结尾的名词、what-从句；由and或both...and连接的并列主语；主语为时间、度量、价值、数目等意义的词语、某些不定代词、what、which、who等。

Theclassismorethanfiftystudents.（class指班级）

Generallyspeaking,thedisableneedmorehelp.

Someoneisknockingatthedoor.

就近原则

谓语动词的人称和数与最近的词语保持一致。这一原则多适用于“therebe”句型、由or,neither...nor,either...or,notonly...butalso...连接的并列主语以及倒装句型。

Thereisanappleandtwopearsonthetable.

Therearetwopearsandanappleonthetable.

主谓一致的应用

谓语动词用单数

不可数名词作主语时

Waterisveryimportantforhumans.

Knowledgeispower.

Happinessliesfirstofallinhealth.

表示时间、金钱、距离、长度等名词复数和数词作主语时

Eighthoursofsleepisenough.

Thirtyminuteswasgiventoprepareforthelesson.

Tenkilometersisalongdistance.

主语为each,either,neither或由each,either,neither,every,no所修饰时

Eachofthestudentshasadictionary.

Eitherisgoodenoughforme.

Neitherofthebooksisusefultohim.

Nomanisbornwise.

主语为any,some,every,no所构成的复合不定代词时

Anyonewhoarrivesherefirstwillgetapresent.

Ithinkthatsomethinginterestingisgoingtohappen.

Everybodydeservesachance.

Nothingismoreimportantthanhealth.

主语为little,much或被much修饰时

Verylittlehasbeendoneaboutit.

Muchofthetimewaswasted.

Muchwaterisneededinthisplace.

主语为“manya/morethanone+单数名词”和“oneandahalf+名词复数”时

ManyavisitorhasbeentotheGreatWall.

Morethanonechairisintheroom.

Oneandahalfbananasiseatenbythelittlegirl.

“oneof/thenumberof+名词复数”做主语时

Oneofthesenotebooksismine.

Thenumberofthemembersintheswimmingclubis50.

学科、国家、书籍、机构、报刊等名词作主语时

Physicsisnothisstrongpoint.

Chinaisadevelopingcountry.

TreasureIslandisthemostinterestingbookI’veread.

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