离散时间信号处理DSP.pptxVIP

DigitalSignalProcessingChapter6StructuresforDiscrete-TimeSystems

6.0IntroductionSeveralwaystodescribediscrete-timesystems:Impulseresponsesintimedomain.Differenceequationsintimedomain.Theztransformsincomplexfrequencydomain(transferfunctions).Fouriertransformsinfrequencydomain(Frequencyresponse).H(ejω)=|H(ejω)|ejΘ(ω)2

6.1DescriptionoftheDigitalFilterStructuresIt’sdifferenceequationsintimedomainis将输入加以延时，构成M节旳延时网络，把每个延时抽头后加权，然后把成果相加。将输出加以延时，构成N节旳延时网络，把每个延时抽头后加权，然后把成果相加。所以，网络构造表达一定旳运算构造，不同构造所需要旳存储单元以及运算次数不同，前者影响构造复杂性，后者影响运算速度。3

6.1DescriptionoftheDigitalFilterStructuresThreebasicelementstoimplementdigitalfilters:DelayMultiplierAdderBlockdiagram（方框图）representationofthreebasicelements.z–1X(z)x(n)x(n–1)z–1X(z)x(n)X(z)kkX(z)kx(n)x1(n)X1(z)x2(n)X2(z)x1(n)+x2(n)X1(z)+X2(z)4

6.1DescriptionoftheDigitalFilterStructuresSignalflowgraph（信号流图）representationofthreebasicelements.X(z)x(n)x(n–1)z–1X(z)z–1x1(n)X1(z)x2(n)X2(z)x1(n)+x2(n)X1(z)+X2(z)X(z)x(n)kx(n)kX(z)k5

6.1DescriptionoftheDigitalFilterStructuresTwoclassesofdigitalfilters:Finite-durationimpulseresponsefiltersornonrecursivefilters.Itstransferfunctionsareofthepolynomialform.Infinite-durationimpulseresponsefiltersorrecursivefilters.Itstransferfunctionsareoftherationalpolynomialform.6

6.3BasicstructuresforIIRdigitalfilters6.3.1DirectformIThetransferfunctionofarecursivefilterisgivenbyAndthedifferenceequationsintimedomainisIngeneral,M≤N.7

6.3.1DirectformsIx(n)y(n)z–1z–1b0b1b2z–1bMbM–1z–1z–1z–1–a1–a2–aN–1–aNy(n–1)y(n–2)y(n–N)x(n–1)x(n–2)x(n–M)8

6.3.1DirectformsIx(n)y(n)b0b1b2bMbM–1z–1z–1z–1–a1–a2–aN–1–aNDirectformsIstructureforIIRdigitalfilters9

6.3.2DirectformsIIx(n)y(n)z–1z–1b0b1b2z–1bMbM–1z–1z–1z–1–a1–a2–aN–1–aN10

6.3.2DirectformsIIx(n)y(n)b0b1b2bMbM–1z–1z–1z–1–a1–a2–aN–1–aNDirectformsIIstructureforIIRdigitalfilters11

Comparisonofthetwotype