关节学Arthrology幻灯片.ppt

关节ArthrologyLaterallongitudinalarch外侧纵弓:formedbycalcaneus,cuboid,fourthandfifthmetatarsals;cuboidisisthekeystoneofthisarch关节ArthrologyTranversearch横弓:formedbycuboid,threecuniformsandallmetatarsals;theintermediatecuneiformisthekeystoneofthisarchFunction:givetofootstrengthstabilityandresilience;protectplantarvesselsandnerves关节ArthrologyNormalarchFlatfoot关节ArthrologyMyology肌学MorphologyMusclebelly肌腹Tendon肌腱aponeurosis腱膜ClassificationLongmuscle长肌Shortmuscle短肌Broadmuscle阔肌Orbicularmucle轮匝肌关节ArthrologyOrigin起点insertion止点position位置action作用Nomenclatureofmucles肌的命名:shap,size,location,andtheirpointsofattachment关节ArthrologyAccessorystructuresFasciaSuperficialfasciaDeepfasciaSynovialbursa关节ArthrologyTendinoussheathFibrouslayerSynoviallayer:mesotendon,vinculatendinum关节ArthrologySynovialcystofwrist腕部腱鞘囊肿关节Arthrology关节Arthrology关节Arthrology★Elbowjoint肘关节Bones:lowerendofhumerus,upperendsofradiusandulnaHumeroulnarjoint肱尺关节:formedbytrochlearofhumerusandtroclearnoch(hinge)Humeroradialjoint肱桡关节:formedbycapitulumofhumerusandheadofradius(ballandsocket)Proximalradioulnarjoint桡尺近侧关节:formedbyarticularcircumferenceofradiusandradialnotchofulnaCapsule:thinandlaxanteriorlyandposteriorly,stronglythickenedoneithersidebycollateralligaments关节ArthrologyLigaments:Radialcollacteralligament桡侧副韧带:attachedtolateralepicondyleandannularligamentofradiusUlnarcollacteralligament尺侧副韧带:attachedtomedialepicondyletomedialborderoftrochlearnotchAnnularligamentofradius桡骨环状韧带:attachedtoanteriorandposteriormarginsofradialnotchofulna,surroundstheheadofradiusMovements:flexionandextension,pronationandsupination关节ArthrologyDislocation关节ArthrologyJointsbetweenradiusandulnaProximalradioulnarjoint桡尺近侧关节Distalradioulna