2025高考英语大二轮专题强化练高考题型组合练作业43　四选一阅读＋完形填空＋语法填空 .docx

2025高考英语大二轮专题强化练高考题型组合练作业43四选一阅读＋完形填空＋语法填空作业43四选一阅读＋完形填空＋语法填空

Ⅰ.四选一阅读(每小题2.5分，满分10分)

(2024·山东青岛一模)

Ataconferencelastweek，Ireceivedaninterestingpieceofadvice：“Assumeyouarewrong.”TheadvicecamefromBrianNosek，afellowpsychologyprofessor.Hewasn’tobjectingtoanyparticularclaimI’dmade—hewasofferingastrategyforpursuingbetterscience，andforencouragingotherstodothesame.

TounderstandthecontextforNosek’sadvice，weneedtotakeastepback—tothenatureofscienceitself.Despitewhatmanyofuslearnedinelementaryschool，thereisnosinglescientificmethod.Justasscientifictheorieschange，sodoscientificmethods.

Assumingyouarerightmightbeamotivatingforce，sustainingtheenormouseffortthatconductingscientificworkrequires.Butitalsomakesiteasytointerpretcriticismsaspersonalattacks，andforscientificargumentstodevelopintopersonalbattles.Beginning，instead，fromtheassumptionyouarewrong，acriticismiseasiertobeviewedasahelpfulpointer，aconstructivesuggestionforhowtobelesswrong—agoalthatyourcriticprobablyshares.

Nosek’sadvicemaysoundpessimistic，butit’snotsoforeigntoscience.Philosophersofsciencesometimesrefertothe“pessimisticmeta-induction(元归纳)”onthehistoryofscience:Allofourpastscientifictheorieshavebeenwrong，sosurelyourcurrenttheorieswillturnouttobewrong，too.Thatdoesn’tmeanwehaven’tmadeprogress，butitdoesindicatethatthereisalwaysroomforimprovement—waystobelesswrong.

Iliketheadvicebecauseitbuildsinanawarenessofourlimitationsandthereadinesstoaccepttheunknown(“therearethingsIdonotknow！”)alongwithasensethatwecandobetter(“therearethingsIdonotknowyet！”)．Italsobuildsinasenseofcommunity—we’reallinthesameboatwhenitcomestofallingshortofgettingthingsright.Perhapsthefocusonasharedgoal—ourgoalasscientistsandhumansofbeinglesswrong—canhelpmakeupforan