热点09 人与自然：气候危机下的共生之路（天气、自然环境及动植物）（解析版）.docxVIP

热点09人与自然：气候危机下的共生之路

（天气、自然环境及动植物）

全球气候变暖引发极端天气频现，热浪、洪涝与干旱威胁生态系统平衡，推动“气候适应型城市”建设成为焦点。COP28等国际会议强化减排承诺，但南北国家责任分担争议犹存。

中国持续推进生态修复，云南亚洲象北迁、长江十年禁渔等案例彰显生物多样性保护成效，乡村生态旅游与“绿电”技术助力低碳转型。青少年通过校园气象站观测、AI识别濒危物种等项目，践行自然守护。

未来热点将围绕“自然资本”量化评估、气候难民权益及基因编辑技术在物种复活中的伦理争议。教育需深化“生态共情”，从记录天气日记到参与公民科学，引导青少年在科技与传统的交织中探索可持续发展智慧。

（建议用时：40分钟）

天气预报

文章1

（2024·上海静安·二模）Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords.（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）

TheAnswerIsIntheTrees

DaveMeko,ascientistattheUniversityofArizona,noticedthatfrom1999tothefollowingyearsitbecamedrieranddrier.AndwaterlevelsinthehugeColoradoRiverweredroppingrapidly.Thiswastheb1ofaseriousdrought(干旱).Everyonebeganasking,“Howlongwillitlast?”Mekobelievedthathecouldfindtheanswerinthetrees.

Mekoisatree-ringexpert.Hestudiestheringswithinatreetofindinformationaboutclimatechange.Eachyear,atreeaddsanewlayerofwood.Theselayerslooklikeaseriesofrings.Duringtimesofh2rainfall,aringiswide.Whenthereisashortageofwater,aringisnarrow.Theseringsarenature’srecordofrainfallandclimatechange.

Mekoandhisteamquicklystartedanewresearchproject.Theirgoalwastofindouthowlongpreviousdroughtslasted.Theteamcollectedasmanyoldwoodsamplesaspossible.Theytestedwoodsamplesfrom1,200yearsagountilthep3.Whentheyexaminedtherings,thenewsaboutrainfallinthepastwasnotgood.

Meko’sresearchshowedthat,the20thcenturywasanunusuallywettime.Treesfromthisperiodhadwide,healthyrings.Rainwasplentifuld4thatcentury,millionsofpeoplemovedtotheregion.Beforethattime,however,theringsshowedthatdroughtsoccurredonaregularbasis.Infact,droughtwaspartoftheusualclimatepattern.Therewereseveredroughtsinthe900s,the1100s,andthelate1200s.

Humanhistoryseemstos5Meko’sfindings.ThenativeAnasazili