精神科护理(双语)(第2版)PPT课件 Chapter 9 Nursing Care of Clients with Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders.pptx

Chapter9NursingCareofClientswithTraumaandStressor-RelatedDisordersPeoplesMedicalPublishingHouse

LearningObjectivesMemorization1.Describetheconceptsofstress,cognitiveappraisal,stressresponses,copingresources,andcopingmechanisms.2.Describethetypesofcrisis,phasesinthedevelopmentofacrisis,andstepsincrisisintervention.3.Describeappropriatenursinginterventionsfortraumaandstressor-relateddisorders.

Comprehension1.Discusstheimportanceofcognitiveappraisalinexperiencingstress.2.Discussvariousmodalitiesrelevanttotreatmentoftraumaandstressor-relateddisorders.3.Examinecrisisinterventiontechniquestoprovidecrisisinterventionforaclientexperiencingcrises.

Application1.Applythenursingprocesstoclientsexperiencingtraumaandstressor-relateddisorders.2.Applythenursingprocesstoclientsexperiencingcrises.3.Evaluatenursingcareofclientswithpost-traumaticstressdisorder.

ContentsSection1IntroductionSection2TraumaandStressor-RelatedDisordersSection3CrisisIntervention

Section1Introduction

Stress,coping,andadaptationmodel

Ⅰ.StressLazarusandFolkman(1984)definestressasarelationshipbetweenthepersonandtheenvironmentthatisappraisedbythepersonastaxingorexceedinghisorherresourcesandendangeringhisorherwell-being.Thisdefinitionofstressemphasizestherelationshipbetweentheindividualandtheenvironment.

Ⅱ.CognitiveAppraisalCognitiveappraisalisanindividual’sevaluationofthepersonalsignificanceoftheeventoroccurrence.Cognitivefactorsplayacentralroleinadaptation.PrimaryAppraisalSecondaryAppraisal

CognitiveAppraisal

ⅰ.AffectiveResponsesAnxiety,depression,anger,guilt,fear.ⅱ.PhysiologicalResponsesAutonomicarousal,neuroendocrineactivation,muscletension,compromisedimmunefunction.Ⅲ.StressResponses

ⅲ.BehavioralResponsesEscape/avoidance,substanceuse,over/undereating,aggression.ⅳ.