妇产科学 14 PPH 2016学习资料.pptx

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POSTPARTUMHEMORRHAGE吴震溟wuzhenming@上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院妇产科PPH产后出血

2005MaternalMortality(1/100000)World400USA11UK8Sweden3Ireland1Japan6Korea14China45SierraLeone2100

INCIDENCETheleadingcauseofmaternalmortalitynearly14,000,000cases/year127,000deathsannuallyworldwide99%indevelopingcountry50%~55%casesshouldavoid

DEFINITIONExcessivebloodLoss(500ml)duringthefirst24hoursafterdelivery(earlyPPH)Bloodlossbetween24hoursand6weeksafterdelivery(latePPH-mostlyduetoinfectionandretainedplacentatissue)Bloodlossthatneedtransfusion

ETIOLOGY–4“T”Tone:Uterineatony-70%Tissue:Retainedplacenta-20%Trauma:Lacerations-10%Thrombin:Coagulopathy-1%

1.UterineAtonyGeneralconditionDrugLaborprocessObstetricalcomplicationsUterinedisorder

DualBloodSupply

Myometriumhasnotcontractedtocutofftheuterinespiralarteriesthataresupplyingtheplacentalbed.PATHOLOGY

DiagnosisSoftuterus(i.e,likedough)thatispalpableabovetheumblicusBoggyuterus

2.RetainedPlacentalTISSUEPlacentaretainedPlacentaaccetePlacentaincretaMembraneadherenceSuccenturiateplacenta

DiagnosisDelayedspontaneousseparetionofplacentaInspectionofplacentaUltrasoundMRI

PlacentaincretaPlacentaAccreta:PlacentaadherenttomyometriumPlacentaIncreta:myometrialinvasionPlacentaPercreta:penetrationofmyometriumtoorbeyondserosa.

3.LacerationofGenitalTractPerineum/vaginal/cervicallacerationHematomaUterinesectionlacerationUterinerupture

PathologyInstrumenteddelivery(forceps)Manipulativedelivery(breechextraction,precipitouslabor,macrosomia)Softtissuedisorder

DiagnosisBleedingwithafirmcontracteduterus.Thebloodisbrightred.Thevaginalsidewallsandcervixshouldbeespeciallycarefullyinspected.

Vulvalaceration

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