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第1篇
Introduction:
China,asadevelopingcountry,hasestablishedacomprehensivelegalsystemtogovernvariousaspectsofitssociety.ThisessayaimstoprovideanoverviewoftheChineselegalsystem,includingitshistory,mainlawsandregulations,andtheroleofthelegalprofessioninChina.
I.HistoryoftheChineseLegalSystem
1.AncientChineseLaw
ThehistoryofChineselawdatesbacktotheancientdynasties,suchastheShangandZhou.Duringthisperiod,lawswereprimarilybasedonConfucian,Legalist,andTaoistphilosophies.ThemostfamousancientChineselegalcodeistheCodeofHan,whichwascompiledduringtheHanDynasty.
2.TheQingDynastyandtheIntroductionofWesternLaw
TheQingDynasty(1644-1912)wasthelastimperialdynastyinChina.Duringthisperiod,theQinggovernmentbegantointroduceWesternlegalconceptsandinstitutions,suchasthejudicialsystemandtheconceptofequalitybeforethelaw.
3.TheRepublicofChinaandtheModernLegalSystem
AfterthefalloftheQingDynasty,theRepublicofChinawasestablishedin1912.ThegovernmentundertheleadershipofSunYat-senadoptedtheConstitutionoftheRepublicofChinain1912,whichmarkedthebeginningofthemodernChineselegalsystem.Sincethen,Chinahascontinuedtoreformanddevelopitslegalsystem.
II.MainLawsandRegulationsinChina
1.ConstitutionofthePeoplesRepublicofChina
TheConstitutionofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaisthefundamentallawofthecountry.Itoutlinesthebasicprinciplesandframeworkofthestate,includingthestructureofthegovernment,therightsanddutiesofcitizens,andtheeconomicandsocialsystem.
2.CivilLaw
Civillawgovernstherelationshipsbetweenindividualsandorganizations.ThemainlawsinthisareaincludetheGeneralProvisionsoftheCivilLaw,theContractLaw,andthePropertyLaw.Theselawsregulateissuessuchascontracts,propertyrights,andtorts.
3.CriminalLaw
Criminallawdeals
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