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阅读理解
A
MarieCuriewasaPolish-bornphysicistandchemistandoneofthemostfamous
scientistsofhertime.TogetherwithherhusbandPierre,shewontheNobelPrizein
1903,andanotheronein1911.
MarieSklodowskawasborninWarsawon7November1867,thedaughterofa
teacher.In1891,shewenttoParistostudyphysicsandmathsattheSorbonnewhere
shemetPierreCurie,professoroftheSchoolofPhysics.Theymarriedin1895.
TheCuriesworkedtogetherstudyingradioactivity(性),buildingonthe
workoftheGermanphysicistRoentgenandtheFrenchphysicistBecquerel.InJuly
1898,theCuriesannouncedthediscoveryofpolonium(钋).Atoftheyear,
theyannouncedthediscoveryofanother,radium(镭).TheCuries,alongwith
Becquerel,wontheNobelPrizeforPhysicsin1903.
Pierre’slifewascutshortin1906whenhewasknockeddownandkilledbya
carriage.Marietookoverhisteachingpost,becomingthefirstwomantoteachatthe
Sorbonne,anddevoted(献身于)herselftocontinuingtheworkthattheyhadbegun
together.ShereceivedasecondNobelPrize,forChemistry,in1911.
TheCurie’sresearchwasimportantindevelopingX-raysinsurgery.During
WorldWarⅠ,MariehelpedfixedX-rayequipment,whichsheherselfdrovetothe
frontlines.ShehelpedtraindoctorsfortheInternationalRedCross.
Althoughsheachievedmuchsuccess,menscientistsinFrancewerestillagainst
Marie,andsheneverreceivedanyfinancialhelpfromherwork.Bythelate1920sher
healthwasbeginningtobecomeworse.Shediedon4July1934fromherdangerous
research.TheCuries’eldestdaughterIrenewasascientistandwinneroftheNobel
PrizeforChemistry.
【小题1】AllthefollowingpeoplecontributedtoMarie’sfirstNobelPrizeEXCEPT
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