审计目标趋同与代理成本降低机制研究.pdfVIP

Auditing

Goalconvergence:Goalcongruencewillarisewhenmanagersandshareholdersshare

thesameobjectives.Morewidely,consideringCSR,companiesandtheirstakeholders

sharethesameobjectives.

Agencycosts:Coststhatarisewhenaprincipalhiresanagenttoperformanactivityon

his/herbehalfandcostsarisebecauseofalackofgoalcongruencewhichcannotbe

fullycontractedawayduetoinformationasymmetry–corporateinsidershavemore

informationoncorporateprospectsandresultsthanshareholders.

Thefinancialreportsaresupposedtomitietheagencycostsbyprovidingmandated

disclosuresaccordingtoru.However,severalfactorssentheeffectivenessof

financialstatementsinloweringinformationasymmetry,forexamplethediscretion

allowedbyaccountingstandards;thecomplexityofoperationsofafirm,makingit

difficultforshareholderstoconfirmwhetherthefirmhasfollowedGAAP,etc.

Auditisoneofthekeywaysinwhichagencyproblemsareaddressedbymakingagents

moreaccountable.Itcannotprovideabsoluteassurance,butratheraprobabilistic-based

assurance.

Auditprocess-觉得这里不是重点

Theauditprocessincludesappointment,nning(establishmaterialitylevelsand

acceptablelevelofrisks,anddeterminethestrategy),performing(testcontroland

substantivetest),andproducingauditreport.

Auditorceinpre-nningaudit:cegivescredibilitytotheaudit.

Makingsuretheauditorsaret.

-tenure:toolongdoingtheaudit

-provisionofnon-auditservices–Pwcmayprovidingnonauditservices,whichmay

betheprincipalincomefortheauditfirm.

Auditfailure