欧洲阿尔茨海默病政策的优先顺序:肿瘤学的见解.docxVIP

欧洲阿尔茨海默病政策的优先顺序:肿瘤学的见解.docx

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PrioritisingAlzheimer’sdiseasepolicyinEurope:Insightsfromoncology

April2025

April2025|Biogen-263862

PrioritisingAlzheimer’sdiseasepolicyinEurope:Insightsfromoncology

ii

Tableofcontents

ExecutiveSummary iii

1.Introduction 1

1.1Methodology 1

1.2Structureofthereport 3

2.ThecurrentADpolicyframework 4

2.1RecognitionoftheimpactofAD 4

2.2ThecurrentstateofplayofinternationalandEuropeanADpolicy 6

2.3RecentdriversofchangeandtheopportunityforAD 8

3.LessonsfromoncologyfortheprioritisationofADpolicy 10

3.1OverviewofEUoncologypolicydevelopment 10

3.2CausalfactorsdrivingoncologypolicyandtheirapplicabilitytoAD 11

4.LessonsfromoncologyforthefocusofADpolicy 16

4.1Evolutionofthefocusofoncologypolicy 16

4.2ApplicabilitytothefocusofADpolicy 18

5.Policyrecommendations 25

6.Conclusion 29

Listofreferences 30

Appendix 34

A.HistoryofEUoncologypolicydevelopment 34

B.EUinitiativesfacilitatingoncologypolicydesignandimprovement 37

iii

Executivesummary

Alzheimer’sdisease(AD)isthemostcommonformofdementia,aprogressivediseaseresultingin

decliningbrainfunctionthatexertsahugeburdenonpeoplewithAD,theirfamiliesandcaregivers,

andhealthandsocialcaresystems.ADisacontinuuminwhichpatientsprogressfromnormal

cognition,tomildcognitiveimpairment(MCI),followedbyincreasingseverityofthedisease.1This

maybeprecededbyapresymptomaticphasethatlastsseveraldecadesbeforesymptomsare

noticeable.2IthasnowbeenestablishedthatADpathologybegins10to20yearsbeforetheonsetofthefirstsymptoms.3ADiscurrentlythefifthleadingcauseofdeathworldwideandtheprimarycauseofdeathinsomecountries,includingtheUnitedKingdomandtheNetherlands.4,5,6Furthermore,thenumberofpeoplewithADinEuropeisexpectedtodouble

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