用于能量计量的RISC-V处理器设计及MCU实现.pdfVIP

Abstract

In2019,StateGridputforwardaconceptofUEIOT(UbiquitousElectricInternet

ofThings),andvigorouslypromotedconstructionsofUEIOT.Especially,the

realizationofinformationperceptionisthecornerstoneofEUIOTconstructions.As

oneofthecriticalsensingdevices,smartmetersplayaveryimportantroleinthe

constructionofUEIOT.TraditionalmeterMCUsarebasedonARMCortexMseries

processors,whichareveryefficientforcontrolling,butnottailoredtoprocessing

calculationsofenergymetering.

Therefore,thisthesisdesignsathree-stagepipelineprocessorbasedontheRISC-

Vinstructionsetarchitecture,whichgreatlyimprovesefficiencyofenergymeteringby

definingnewinstructions.ComparedwithARMCortex-Mseriesprocessors,the

proposedprocessorhashigherenergyaccumulationefficiency.Inaddition,thearticle

alsodesignsaninterruptcontrollermodule,asleepandwake-upcontrollermoduleand

adebuggingmodule,andintegratesthethreemodulesintoameterMCU.Thespecific

functionsofeachmoduleareasfollows:

(1)Theinterruptcontrollermodule,managing32externalinterruptswithinterrupt

prioritylevels,andachievinginterruptnesting;

(2)Thesleepandwake-upcontrollermodule,controllingtheMCUtoenterorexit

thelowpowerworkingmode;

(3)Thedebuggingmodule,cooperatingwiththesoftwaretorealizethehalt,

resumeexecution,single-stepexecution,hardwarebreakpoints,readandwriteregisters

andmemoryandotherdebuggingfunctions.

ThisdesignisimplementedonXilinxKintex-7(xc7k410t-3fbg676)FPGA.The

abovefunctionsareverifiedusingatoolchainanddebuggingtools.TheCoreMark

scoreofthedesignedprocessoris2.12byrunningCoreMarkprogram.

Keywords:RISC-V,Processor,Energymetering,MCU,Debugger