(完整版)【英语】2014年高考英语语法讲解名词性从句.docVIP

【英语】2?014年高?考英语语法?讲解——名?词性从句

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?I．语序问?题

?规律一：名?词性从句在?句中要用陈?述语序?

I?I．引导词?的选择

?1.从?句是陈述句?转化而来的?，不含有疑?问意义。由?that?引导且th?at连词在?从句中不作?成分

?2.从句?是由一般疑?问句转化而?来，含有疑?问意义的。?由whet?her，i?f引导

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3.?从句是由特?殊疑问句转?化而来，含?有疑问意义?的。由wh?-连词引导?且wh-?连词在从句?中作成分。?连接代词w?hat/?who/?whic?h/w?hose?/what?ever?/who?ever?/who?mever?/wh?ichev?er，连接?副词whe?re/w?hen/?why?/how?/wh?ereve?r/w?henev?er。?

规?律二：wh?ether?和if的区?别

?①whet?her和i?f在宾语从?句中可以互?换，但是作?介词宾语时?连接词一般?用whet?her。如?：

?Ital?ldep?ends?onwh?ether?they?will?come?back?.

?②后面直接?跟orn?ot时用?whet?her。如?：

?Idid?n’tk?noww?hethe?ror?noth?ehad?arri?vedi?nWuh?an

?③主语从?句和表语从?句中只能用?wheth?er。如：?

W?hethe?rthe?meet?ingw?illb?eput?off?hasn?otbe?ende?cided?yet?.

?Theq?uesti?onis?whet?hert?heyh?aves?omuc?hmon?ey.

?④wh?ether?可以引导同?位语从句，?用以说明前?面的名词的?内容，if?不能。如：?

W?eoug?htto?disc?ussc?arefu?llyt?hequ?estio?nwhe?ther?weca?ndo?itor?not.

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⑤w?hethe?r常与or?连用表示一?种选择，i?f不能这样?用；whe?ther也?可与动词不?定式连用但?if不能。?如：

?The?quest?iono?fwhe?ther?they?arem?aleo?rfem?alei?snot?impo?rtant?.

?Ihav?enot?deci?dedw?hethe?rto?goor?not.?

⑥?whet?her可引?导一个让步?状语从句表?示“不管”?、“无论”?，而if不?能，但可以?引导一个条?件状语从句?表示“如果?”如：

?Whe?ther?heco?meso?rnot?,we?will?begin?our?party?ont?ime.

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If?Iha?veti?meto?morro?w,I?llgo?tov?isit?Tom。?

规?律三：主语?从句和宾语?从句在适当?的情况下可?以借助“i?t”而后?置。

?1.主语?从句可以用?it（作?形式主语）?来替换?成以下几种?结构表达。?

(?A)It?iscl?ear/c?ertai?n/lik?ely/t?rue/s?urpri?sing?that…?

（?B）It?isa?pity/?shame?/good?idea?/now?onder?that?...

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（C?）Iti?ssai?d/rep?orted?/beli?eved/?known?/thou?ght/s?ugges?tedt?hat…?

（?D）It?seems?/happ?enst?hat…

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2.?宾语从句可?以用it（?作形式宾语?）来替换?的句型为：?

主?语＋谓语＋?it＋Ad?j/N＋从?句如：

?I?think?itn?ecess?aryt?hatw?ehav?ethe?meet?ing．

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规律?四：wha?tever?,whi?cheve?r,wh?oever?,whe?never?,whe?rever?,how?ever?等与no?matt?erwh?at,?noma?tter?which?,no?matte?rwho?,no?matte?rwhe?n,no?matt?erwh?ere,