[分子数量遗传学课件]leture6 Candidate gene analysis.pptVIP

Candidate gene analysis Introduction The goal of modern day genomic analysis for agricultural species is to find the genes (termed quantitative trait loci, or QTL) responsible for genetic variation in the traits of interest in agricultural plant and animal species. Introduction (Cont.) Two primary approaches: QTL linkage mapping Identification of QTL through linkage mapping to anonymous markers. Association study Candidate gene analysis: Identification of QTL through association studies involving candidate genes. To date, QTL linkage mapping has received much of the emphasis. However, the candidate gene approach is a powerful method to detect QTL Candidate gene analysis The methodology of a candidate gene study is not difficult. It has many advantages, relative to linkage mapping, and for identification of QTL in the context of within-population marker-assisted selection. Candidate Genes Biological candidate: genes of known biological action involved with the development or physiology of the trait They may be structural genes or genes in a regulatory or biochemical pathway affecting trait expression – GH gene Some genes may be excellent candidate genes based on similar phenotypes seen in other species - color genes. Growth hormone Axis Other Candidate Genes Positional Candidate Gene A gene with a specific function may be a good candidate if it maps already to a region where a QTL has been identified. Comparative Positional Candidate gene A good candidate mapped in another species in a region of conserved synteny which corresponds to the QTL region in your species. Methodologies Choosing the candidate gene. Obtaining primer sequences to amplify the gene. Uncovering polymorphisms in the candidate genes. Developing a convenient procedure for large scale genotyping Identifying a population or populations for association studies. Carrying out an association study of the candidate gene with trait phenotype. Verifying associations that are uncovered. 1