被动语态.docVIP

被动语态各时态构成表主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤： 　　1.把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语 　　2.把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。 　　3.原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它 的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。 　　4.其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。 被动语态（一般现在时） 　　主动语态变被动语态时，主动语态句中的宾语变成被动语态句中的主语，主动语态句中的主语成为被动语态句中的动作的发出者。 　　1.一般现在时 is\am\are+P.P(过去分词) 　　2.一般过去时 was\were+P.P 　　3.一般将来时 will be+P.P 　　4.现在进行时 is\am\are+being(固定不变)+P.P 　　5.过去进行时 was\were+being(固定不变)+P.P 　　6.现在完成时 have\has been+P.P 　　7.过去完成时 had been+P.P 　　一般现、过去用be done, be有人称、时态和数的变化。 　　例：1、主动：The children gave the foreign guests a warm welcome. 　　被动：The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the children. 　　　　2、主动：People regard him as brilliant. 　　被动：He regarded as brilliant by people. 　　　　以上两例都是一般时态用be done的例子，be有人称、时、数变，第三人称foreign friends是复数，时态一般过去时，所以be done就是were given，而People regard him as brilliant一句，被动后的be done就变成单数第三人称is regarded的形式了。 　　　This speech——by comrade Wang. (deliver 　　这篇讲演是王的发言。 　There was a serious train accident near the border. Two people ———nd twelve were injured.（kill）边境发生非常严重列车事故，两人死亡，十二人受伤。 　　　A note was to the speaker. （pass ）有人给讲演者递上来一张纸条。 　　John was elected president of the class instead of Harry. 乔治被选为班长而代替了亨利。 　　The soldier was killed, but the train was saved. 这位战士牺牲了，然而列车得救了。 　　The information is urgently needed. 急需这个资料。 　　完成时态have done，被动将been加中间。 　　(过去完成时had done也包括在内)。 　　例：1、主动：We have studied English for 3 years. 　　被动：English has been studied for 3 years by us. (have随新主语变为has) 　　　2、主动: They had produced 100 tractors by the end of last year. 　　被动: 100 tractors had been produced by the end of last year. 　　3、主动：They have set up a power station in their home town. 被动：A power station has been set up in their home town. 　　　4、主动：They have warned us to be careful of rats. 　　被动：We have to be careful of rats by them. 　　他们已提醒我们要注意老鼠。 　　6、主动：We have used nuclear energy to produce electricity. 　　被动：Nuclear energy has to produce electricity by us. 　　核能已被我们用来发电。 　　 　　过去完成时也是一样： 　　主动: Somebody had cleaned my s