美国数学建模竞赛特等奖论文——2004 A O Z Rule of Thumb Prints Beat DNA【数学建模】.pdfVIP

Rule of Thiumnb: PrintsBeat DNA 259 Rule of Thumb: Prints Beat DNA Seth Miller Dustin Mixon Jonathan Pickett Central Washington University Ellensburg, WA Advisor: Stuart F. Boersma Summary We distinguish thumbprints by their global features (those that can be easily detected by the naked eye): the thumbprints pattern, the ridge count, and the type lines. With this model, the probability that two thumbprints have the same global characteristics is at least 5.02 x 104. In a second model, we pay more attention to local features (those not easily detected by the naked eye), in particular the thumbprints minutiae. We look at the number of minutiae, their location, and the direction in which their corresponding furrow endings point. With this stronger model, the probability that two thumbprints have the same local characteristics is approximately 6.41 x lo-143 With both models, we estimate the probability that every thumbprint in the history of mankind is unique to be virtually zero (though this contradicts what our logic dictates). Since identical twins share the same DNA pattern, the probability that every DNA strand in the history of mankind is unique must be zero. Given two DNA strands taken at random from people the probability that they are similar is approximately 8.29 x 10-14. Since this probability is significantly more than the analogous probability for local thumbprint features, we conclude that DNA testing has a higher rate of misidentification. The UMAP Journal 25 (3) (2004) 259. ©Copyright 2004 by COMAP, Inc. All rights reserved. Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distr