美国信用报告监管的新战场【应用】.pptVIP

New Battlegrounds for Credit Reporting Regulation in the United States美国信用报告监管的新战场 Peggy L. Twohig US Federal Trade Commission September 29, 2004 Beijing, China 美国联邦贸易委员会，2004年9月24日，中国北京 Overview概览 Background of credit reporting regulation in the United States美国信用报告监管的背景 Issues will discuss:讨论的问题 Identity theft身份盗用 Use of credit report information for unsolicited marketing对信用报告信息进行未经授权的市场活动 Obligations of those that furnish information to credit bureaus向信用局提供信息的机构或个人的职责 FCRA: Basic Structure公平信用报告法案：基本结构 Voluntary reporting 自愿报告 Market determines what information is furnished to credit bureaus -- no requirements to report 市场决定哪些信息应向信用局提交－－对信息的报告没有特别要求 Few restrictions on information in credit reports 对信用报告的信息少有限制 Allows for development as market demands 按市场需求进行发展 If information about a consumer is collected and used to evaluate the eligibility of consumers for credit, then the FCRA applies如果采集并使用了消费者的信息来评估其信贷的合格性，则适用公平信用报告法案。 FCRA: Basic Principles公平信用报告法案：基本原则 Privacy保密性 Must have “permissible purpose” to obtain a credit report – listed in FCRA 获得信用报告必须有“可允许目的”－ FCRA中规定 Generally, consumer consent not required 一般情况下不需要消费者同意 Accuracy准确性 Credit bureau obligations信用局职责 Furnisher obligations信息提供者职责 Important role of consumer: access and dispute rights 消费者的重要角色：有权了解信用报告和有权对不实负面信息提出申诉 Identity Theft身份盗用 Challenge to credit marketplace and regulation of system对信用市场和监管体系的挑战 Fraud committed when use personal information about a consumer to pose as consumer使用消费者私人信息时发生的欺诈行为 to use established credit account使用固定信用帐户 to open a new account开立一个新帐户 Information about fraudulent charges or accounts reported to credit bureaus向信用局报告欺诈性收费或欺诈性帐户的信息 Identity Theft身份盗用 Consumer often does not know until too late, and must:消费者经常很晚才获知，所以必须： Dispute fraudulent charges对欺诈行为进行申诉 Correct credit report -- sometimes again and again纠正信用报告－－有时候要反复多次 FTC Survey 联邦贸易委员会的调查 Almost 10 million consumer victims – 5% of US adult population大约有一千万的消费者是受害者－－