5. 指纹识别手册extract_from_4_3.pdfVIP

Extract from: D. Maltoni, D. Maio, A.K. Jain, S. Prabhakar Handbook of Fingerprint Recognition Springer, New York, 2003 4.3: Minutiae-based Methods (extract) (Copyright 2003, Springer Verlag. All rights Reserved.) 4.3 Minutiae-based Methods 141 Makekau (1991), Grycewicz (1995, 1996), Rodolfo, Rajbenbach, and Huignard (1995), Grycewicz and Javidi (1996), Petillot, Guibert, and de Bougrenet (1996), Soifer et al. (1996), Gamble, Frye, and Grieser (1992), Wilson, Watson, and Paek (1997), Kobayashi and Toyoda (1999), and Watson, Grother, and Casasent (2000). However, these optical systems usually suffer from rotation and distortion variations and the hardware/optical components are complex and expensive; therefore, optical fingerprint matching technology has not reached satisfactory maturity yet. 4.3 Minutiae-based Methods Minutiae matching is certainly the most well-known and widely used method for fingerprint matching, thanks to its strict analogy with the way forensic experts compare fingerprints and its acceptance as a proof of identity in the courts of law in almost all countries. Problem formulation Let T and I be the representation of the template and input fingerprint, respectively. Unlike in correlation-based techniques, where the fingerprint representation coincides with the finger- print image, here the representation is a feature vector (of variable length) whose elements are the fingerprint minutiae. Each minutia may be described by a number of attributes, including its location in the fingerprint image, orientation, type (e.g., ridge termination or ridge bifurca- tion), a weight based on the