毕业设计：基于51单片机的超声波测距毕业论文.doc

PAGE 2 PAGE 43 摘 要 超声波具有指向性强，能量消耗缓慢，传播距离较远等优点，所以，在利用传感器技术和自动控制技术相结合的测距方案中，超声波测距是目前应用最普遍的一种，它广泛应用于防盗、倒车雷达、水位测量、建筑施工工地以及一些工业现场。 本课题详细介绍了超声波传感器的原理和特性，以及Atmel公司的AT89C51单片机的性能和特点，并在分析了超声波测距的原理的基础上，指出了设计测距系统的思路和所需考虑的问题，给出了以AT89C51单片机为核心的低成本、高精度、微型化数字显示超声波测距仪的硬件电路和软件设计方法。该系统电路设计合理、工作稳定、性能良好、检测速度快、计算简单、易于做到实时控制，并且在测量精度方面能达到工业实用的要求。 关键词：超声波 单片机 测距 AT89C51 Abstract Ultrasonic wave has strong pointing to nature ,slowly energy consumption ,propagating distance farther ,so, in utilizing the scheme of distance finding that sensor technology and automatic control technology combine together ,ultrasonic wave finds range to use the most general one at present ,it applies to guard against theft , move backward the radar , water level measuring , building construction site and some industrial scenes extensively。 This subject has introduced principle and characteristic of the ultrasonic sensor in detail ,and the performance and characteristic of one-chip computer AT89C51 of Atmel Company ,and on the basis of analyzing principle that ultrasonic wave finds range ,the systematic thinking and questions needed to consider that have pointed out that designs and finds range ,provide low cost , the hardware circuit of high accuracy , ultrasonic range finder of miniature digital display and software design method taking AT89C51 as the core ,this circuit of system is reasonable in design, working stability, performance good measuring speeding soon , calculating simple , apt to accomplish real-time control ,and can reach industrys practical demand in measuring the precision 。 Key Words: Ultrasonic wave; One-chip computer; Range finding; AT89C51 目　　录  TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u  HYPERLINK \l _Toc169883895 摘 要  PAGEREF _Toc169883895 \h 1  HYPERLINK \l _Toc169883897 目　　录  PAGEREF _Toc169883897 \h 3  HYPERLINK \l _Toc169883898 第1章 超声波测距系统设计  PAGEREF _Toc169883898 \h 5  HYPERLINK \l _Toc169883899 1.1 超声波测距的原理  PAGEREF _Toc169883899 \h 5  HYPERLINK \l _Toc169883900