GRE写作笔记 韦晓亮.docxVIP

GRE写作笔记 韦晓亮Argument的写作特点 C conclusion A attitude E evidenceArgument 的整体结构 第一段 开头 归纳论点论据（题目中关键字句的改写或提炼）指明逻辑漏洞的个数(少而精，非全部，一种错误找全按顺序说) 第二-四段 正文 分类攻击各个逻辑错误（独立和组合） 第五段 结尾 归纳总结三．如何写开头（考察归纳思路）C conclusion E evidence F logical flaws 找出C是重点：80%段首尾 10%中有标记hence （为我所用）10% 旧结论 新结论（被攻击）四．开头段的具体写法Merely base on the unformed assumption and dubious (suspicious) evidence, the statement draws the conclusion that_________. To substantiate (support) this conclusion, the arguer points out the evidence that____ , In addition, he indicate that____. Furthermore, he quotes (cites) the result of a recent survey, in support of this recommendation. At the first glance (sight ) this argument appears to somewhat convincing, but further reflection reveals that_______. It omits some substantial concerns that should be addressed in the argument. From the logical perspective, this argument suffers from N logical flaws.五．如何写正文段（4-6中招特征：rebuttal的sequence 排序法）1.顺序式攻击（大部分分题目可以用，但当原题逻辑顺序自相矛盾不可以用）2.主次式攻击3.让步式攻击（最好的攻击逻辑） A不成立B不成立 即便A成立B还是不成立 更何况AC都不成立时，C比不成立即便AC都成立B也不成立六．正文段首(主次式排列引言句) 3段式，最后为过渡段1.The threshold problem with A is that 2.anthother problem that weaken the logic of this argument is that_____3.Before I come to my conclusion, it is necessary to point out the last flaw involved in this argument that____七.如何写结尾段（总结陈词） 逻辑结构+ Conclusion中的flaws + Solution(suggestion)再一次用简洁的语言：指出问题 分析问题 解决问题八．结尾段 To sum up, this arguer fails to substantiate his claim that___, because the evidence cited in the analyses does not lend strong support to what the arguer maintain. To make the argument more convincing, the authors would have to provid more information with respect (regard to) of S1. Additionally, he would have to demonstrate that S2. Therefore, if the rgument had include that given factors discussed above, it would have been more thorough and logically acceptable.九．各个逻辑错误（详见讲义）(一)调查类错误⑴调查过程错误1.错误原理：2Q+2非主流错因A. Quality:调查样本不随机，以偏代全(调查对象有几层修饰，几层片面)B. Quantity：数量是否符合调查对象特征，基数和百分比值只出现一个C.被访者是