【新课标人教版】（福建专用）2012届高考英语一轮复习精品学案：语法部分 第9讲 状语从句.doc

第9讲 状语从句 状语从句是一个句子充当另一个句子的状语，表示主句动作发生的时间、条件、原因、方式、结果、目的等等。 状语从句是历年高考题的重点、难点。命题一般是考查学生连词的掌握情况，根据两个句子的意思，判断两个句子之间的逻辑关系，选择合适的连词。常见的状语从句有九大类。要牢记不同的连词的具体意思，是解题的关键。 一、时间状语从句 常见连词： when / while / as; before / after; since; until; as soon as / immediately / instantly / the moment / the minute / the second; no sooner…than / hardly…when; the first time / every time / each time / next time 【完成例句】 (1)我正在做饭，这时，门铃响了。 I was doing some cooking when the doorbell rang. ＝The doorbell rang when I was doing some cooking. (2)我正要下班，这时，天开始下大雨了。 I was about to leave work when it began to rain heavily. 【结论1】when 通常意思为：当……时候； 正在那时…… 【完成例句】 (3)你在北京期间能否给我收集一些红树叶？ While you are in Beijing, can you collect some red leaves for me? (4)那个男孩在过马路时被迎面驶来的小轿车撞了。 While walking across the street, the boy was knocked over by a running car. 【结论2】 while从句只能用延续性动词，意思为：在……期间。 【翻译句子】 (5)As time goes by, we are growing wiser and wiser. 随着时间的推移，我们变得越来越聪明了。 (6)She does her homework as she sings. 她一边写作业，一边唱歌。 【结论3】as 表示主句和从句的动作几乎同步进行。意思为：一边……，一边……； 随着…… 【完成例句】 (7)我还没到家就觉得饿了。(在到家之前就觉得饿) I had felt hungry before I arrived home. (8)我还没来得及向她道歉，她就离开了办公室。(在我能够说抱歉之前，她就离开了办公室) She left the office before I could say sorry to her. (9)还要过很久我们才能毕业。 It will be long before we graduate. 【结论4】 before 在……之前 ；还没来得及……才 【完成例句】 (10)我来上海已经4年了。 Its / has been four years since I came to Shanghai. 【结论5】 since “自从……以来”；是现在完成时的标志。 【注意】从句中延续性动词意义为否定。 例：①我当医生已经3年了。(自从我成为医生以来，时间已经过去3年了。) It is three years since I became a doctor ②他不当医生已经3年了。 It is three years since he was a doctor. ③我父亲不吸烟已有两年了。 It is two years since my father smoked. ④我父亲吸烟已有两年了。 It is two years since my father began to smoke. 【翻译句子】 (11)我一直睡到闹钟响为止。 I slept until the clock alarmed. (12)直到爸爸回来我才开始睡觉。 I didnt sleep until my father came back. 【结论6】until ①在肯定句中，表示动作持续“到…为止”；② 在否定句中，常与not连用，表示动作“直到…