基于单片机的温度控制系统设计与实现.doc

基于单片机的温度控制系统设计与实现 ——下位机系统 摘 要 温度的测量与控制。本文介绍了一个基于单片机STC89C52的温度控制系统，系统由上下位机两级组成，上位机采用PC机运行温度监控程序，对温度进行实时，同时设定下位机的控制参数，实现温度的存储管理下位机由单片机构成温度采集与控制终端。本文着重介绍了下位机的设计方案与软硬件实现。使用DS18B20数字式温度传感器进行，温度的实时上位机通过继电器控制电加热丝的通断，实现对温度的控制。该系统测温电路简单、连接方便，关键词：单片机；温度控制；；Based on a Temperature Control System Design and Implementation - Controller System Abstract The application about temperature measurement and control is normal in the area of industry and daily life. A simple temperature control system, based on the STC89C52 MCU，is introduced in this paper, which include host computer and slave one. The host one, that is PC, runs temperature monitor software which monitors real-time temperature value, sets the control parameters to the slave, and save the data. The slave is temperature field collection and control unit composed by MCU, the digital temperature sensor, DS18B20, is used for the temperature measurement, the real-time data is transferred to the host computer by RS-232 for the online monitoring, the control instruction downloaded from the host is used to control temperature by means of heating wire make-break controlled by relay. The experiment shows that the system can control the temperature with the better control precise. With the simplicity of the temperature measurement circuit and the convenient connection procedure, this system may be adaptable for the situations needed simple temperature control. Keywords: MCU; Temperature control; Temperature sensor; Serial communication 目 录 1 绪论 1 1.1 温度控制系统的发展现状 1 1.2 课题的内容及要求 3 1.3 论文的内容及安排 4 2 温度控制系统总体方案设计 5 2.1 系统总体方案设计 5 2.2 硬件总体方案设计 5 2.3 软件总体方案设计 7 3 温度控制系统硬件系统设计 8 3.1 单片机最小系统设计 8 3.2 测温电路设计 10 3.2.1 DS18B20的介绍 10 3.2.2 测温电路设计 13 3.3 控温电路设计 14 3.4 电平转换及串口通信电路 15 3.4.1 电平转化电路 16 3.4.2 串口通信电路 16 4 温度控制系统的软件方案设计 19 4.1 初始化子程序设计 19 4.2 DS18B20测温子程序设计 19 4.3 串口通信子程序设计 22 4.4 控制部分子程序设计 24 5 系统调试 25 5.1 硬件部分调试 25 5.2 软件部分调试 26 5.3 系统联调 27 结论 29 社会经济效益分析 30 参考文献 31 致谢 33 附录Ⅰ 电路图 34 附录Ⅱ 程序清单 35 附录Ⅲ 元器件清单 44 绪论 温度是生活及生产中最基本的物理量，它表征的是