毕业设计 单片机火灾报警电路设计.doc

南京工程高等职业学校 五年制高职毕业设计 姓 名： 蒋秀梅 学 号： 060106040 系 部： 电子工程系 专 业： 　 应用电子技术 设计题目： 单片机火灾报警电路设计 指导教师： 马亦男 职 称： 讲师 2011 年 5 月20日 南摘 要 随着“信息时代”的到来，作为获取信息的手段——传感器技术得到了显著的进步，其应用领域越来越广泛，对其要求越来越高，需求越来越迫切。传感器技术已成为衡量一个国家科学技术发展水平的重要标志之一。因此，了解并掌握各类传感器的基本结构、工作原理及特性是非常重要的。 为了提高对传感器的认识和了解，尤其是对烟雾传感器的深入研究以及其用法与用途，基于实用、广泛和典型的原则而设计了本系统。本文利用单片机结合传感器技术而开发设计了这一烟雾监控系统。。 本论文以电阻式烟雾传感器和单片机技术为核心并与其他电子技术相结合， 设计出一种技术水平较好的烟雾报警器。其中选用MQ-2型半导体可燃气体敏感元件烟雾传感器实现烟雾的检测，具有灵敏度高、响应快、抗干扰能力强等优点，而? ??价格低廉，使用寿命长。选用的STC12C5410AD单片机，其整合了A/D转换、硬件乘法器、硬件脉宽调制器等资源，具 有高速、低功耗、超强抗干扰等优点，是目前同类技术中性价比较高的产 品。以STC12C5410AD单片机和MQ-2型半导体电阻式烟雾传感器为核心设计的烟雾报警器可实现声光报警、故障自诊断、浓度显示、报警限设置、延时报警及与上位机串口通信等功能。是一种结构简单、性能 稳定、使用方便、价格低廉、智能化的烟雾报警器。具有一定的实用价值。 关键词：烟雾，报警器，STC12C5410，传感器 目录 【摘要】······················································································································ 9【关键词】·················································································································· 9第一章 绪论················································································································10 1．1 概述············································································································10 1．2 火灾报警器的发展趋势············································································11 1. 3 火灾报警器的现状及特点··········································································11第二章 烟雾检测报警器的方案设计·························································· ·············11 2. 1 烟雾检测报警器设计思路··········································································11 2. 2 烟雾传感器的选型······················································································12 2. 2.1 烟雾传感器介绍·······················································································13 2. 2.2 烟雾传