毕业论文：变频调速电梯控制系统设计02.doc

摘要 电梯是一种用于电力拖动的特殊升降设备，是现代城市生活中必不可少且应用最广泛的垂直交通运输工具。随着社会的不断发展，电梯从手柄开关操纵电梯、按钮控制电梯发展到了现在的群控电梯，为高层运输做出了不可磨灭的贡献。LC和变频器相互结合而实现电梯常规控制的基础上，通过对变频器和PLC芯片的合理选择和设计，大大提高了电梯的控制水平，并改善了电梯运行的舒适感，使电梯达到了较为理想的控制和运行效果。 关键词：电梯，PWM控制，变频调速 ABSTRACT Summary elevator is a special electric traction equipment, is indispensable in modern urban life, and the most widely used vertical transportation. As society develops, elevator from the handle switch elevators, buttons control the elevator to the current group of Elevator, for senior transportation present. With power electronics and computer control technology and the rapid development, AC inverter technology development very rapidly. Variable speed elevator use advanced PWM, significantly improve the quality and performance elevator; speed range widely, control, precision, dynamic performance, comfortable, quiet, fast, almost comparable to the DC motor. At the same time significantly improved motor power quality, reduced harmonic, which improves the efficiency and power factor, energy-saving significantly. This design in use PLC and inverter elevator on the basis of conventional control, through the inverter and PLC chip design, selection and greatly improves the elevator control levels, and improves the comfort, Elevator makes elevator reaches more ideal control and operating results. Keywords: elevator, PWM, frequency  目 录 摘要 1 ABSTRACT 2 1引言 1 2概述 2 2.1电梯的概述 2 2.1.1电梯的概念 2 2.1.2电梯的分类 2 2.1.3电梯的工作原理 3 2.2电梯的基本结构 4 2.2.1曳引系统 5 2.2.2导向系统 5 2.2.3门系统 5 2.2.4轿厢 5 2.2.5重量平衡系统 6 2.2.6电力拖动系统 6 2.2.7电气控制系统 6 2.2.8安全保护系统 6 3电梯电力拖动控制系统 7 3.1变频调速电梯系统运行原理 7 3.2变频器 8 3.2.1变频调速原理 8 3.2.2变频器组成、工作原理及其分类 8 3.2.3变频器机型选择 9 3.2.4变频器计算及其参数设置 11 3.3电梯理想速度曲线设计 11 3.3.1电梯快速性的性能要求 11 3.3.2电梯舒适性的性能要求 12 3.3.3电梯速度曲线 12 3.4电梯曳引电动机及其功率确定 13 3.4.1电梯对曳引机的要求 13 3.4.2曳引电动机额定功率的粗选 13 3.4.3曳引电动机过载、启动校验 14 4电梯电气控制系统 16 4.1 PLC及其在电梯控制中的应用特点 16 4.1.1 PLC定义及其特点 16 4.1.2 PLC控制电梯的优点 17 4.2 PLC的选择 17 4.2.1轿厢楼层位置检测方法 17 4.2.2 PLC机型的选择 18 4.3电梯电气控制系统设计方案 19 4.4电梯电气控制系统软件设计 22