(电磁光谱).pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * CCD Imaging CCD = Charge-coupled device More sensitive than photographic plates Data can be read directly into computer memory, allowing easy electronic manipulations Negative image to enhance contrasts False-color image to visualize brightness contours 0 The Spectrograph Using a prism (or a grating), light can be split up into different wavelengths (colors!) to produce a spectrum. Spectral lines in a spectrum tell us about the chemical composition and other properties of the observed object 0 Radio Astronomy Recall: Radio waves of l ~ 1 cm – 1 m also penetrate the Earth’s atmosphere and can be observed from the ground. 0 Radio Telescopes Large dish focuses the energy of radio waves onto a small receiver (antenna) Amplified signals are stored in computers and converted into images, spectra, etc. 0 Radio Maps Radio maps are often color coded: colors in a radio map can indicate different intensities of the radio emission from different locations on the sky. Like different colors in a seating chart of a baseball stadium may indicate different seat prices, … 0 Radio Interferometry Just as for optical telescopes, the resolving power of a radio telescope is amin = 1.22 l/D. For radio telescopes, this is a big problem: Radio waves are much longer than visible light. ? Use interferometry to improve resolution! 0 Radio Interferometry (2) The Very Large Array (VLA): 27 dishes are combined to simulate a large dish of 36 km in diameter. Even larger arrays consist of dishes spread out over the entire U.S. (VLBA = Very Long Baseline Array) or even the whole Earth (VLBI = Very Long Baseline Interferometry)! 0 The Largest Radio Telescopes The 100-m Green Bank Telescope in Green Bank, WVa. The 300-m telescope in Arecibo, Puerto Rico 0 Science of Radio Astronomy Radio astronomy reveals several features, not visible at other wavelengths: Neutral hydrogen clouds (which don’t emit any visible light), containing ~ 90 % of