数据通讯与计算机网络讲义 11章 b.ppt

PPP用于多链路场合 PPP可用于两点之间有多条链路的情况，如4对UTP 。 Let us go through the phases followed by a network layer packet as it is transmitted through a PPP connection. Figure 11.41 shows the steps. For simplicity, we assume unidirectional movement of data from the user site to the system site (such as sending an e-mail through an ISP). The first two frames show link establishment. We have chosen two options (not shown in the figure): using PAP for authentication and suppressing the address control fields. Frames 3 and 4 are for authentication. Frames 5 and 6 establish the network layer connection using IPCP. The next several frames show that some IP packets are encapsulated in the PPP frame. The system (receiver) may have been running several network layer protocols, but it knows that the incoming data must be delivered to the IP protocol because the NCP protocol used before the data transfer was IPCP. After data transfer, the user then terminates the data link connection, which is acknowledged by the system. Of course the user or the system could have chosen to terminate the network layer IPCP and keep the data link layer running if it wanted to run another NCP protocol. 例 11.12 02 例 11. 12 PPP示例 (continue) 例 11. 12 PPP示例 (continued) 选择重 传ARQ的发送方窗口 选择重 传ARQ 选择重 传ARQ的接收方窗口 选择重传ARQ 选择重 传ARQ的窗口尺寸 ACK 1 ACK 2 ACK 1 ACK 2 ACK 3 选择重 传ARQ的发送方窗口和接收方窗口尺寸须不大于2m-1。 选择重 传ARQ：发送方算法 (continue) Escape() (continue) Escape() 选择重 传ARQ：发送方算法 (continued) (continued) 选择重 传ARQ：发送方算法 Escape() //不连发2个 Nak 选择重 传ARQ：接收方算法 (continue) //以保证下面对seqNo=Rn 可进行Marked(seqNo)=true 选择重 传ARQ：接收方算法 (continued) 选择重 传ARQ的数据交付 Each frame sent or resent needs a timer. The timer for frame 0 starts at the first request, but stops when the ACK for this frame arrives. The timer for frame 1 starts at the second request, restarts when a NAK arrives, and finally stops when the last ACK arrives. At the receiver site we need to distinguish between the acceptance of a frame and its delivery to the network layer. At the second a