基于单片机的智能充电器.doc

基于单片机的锂电池充电器设计 摘 要 电子技术的快速发展使得各种各样的电子产品都朝着便携式和小型轻量化的方向发展，也使得更多的电气化产品采用基于电池的供电系统。目前，较多使用的电池有镍镉、镍氢、铅蓄电池和锂电池。它们的各自特点决定了它们将在相当长的时期内共存发展。由于不同类型电池的充电特性不同，通常对不同类型，甚至不同电压、容量等级的电池使用不同的充电器，但这在实际使用中有诸多不便。 本课题设计是一种基于单片机的锂离子电池充电器，在设计上，选择了简洁、高效的硬件，设计稳定可靠的软件，详细说明了系统的硬件组成，包括单片机电路、充电控制电路、电压转换及光耦隔离电路，并对本充电器的核心器件—MAX1898充电芯片、AT89C2051单片机进行了较详细的介绍。阐述了系统的软硬件设计。以C语言为开发工具，进行了详细设计和编码。实现了系统的可靠性、稳定性、安全性和经济性。 该智能充电器具有检测锂离子电池的状态；自动切换充电模式以满足充电电池的充电需要；充电器短路保护功能；充电状态显示的功能。在生活中更好的维护了充电电池，延长了它的使用寿命。 关键词：充电器；单片机；锂电池；MAX1898 Lithium Battery Charger Design Based On Single Chip Abstract Electronic technologys fast development causes various electronic products develops toward portable and the small lightweight direction, It also causes the more electrification products to use based on batterys power supply system. At present, the many uses batteries have the nickel cadmium, the nickel hydrogen, the lead accumulator and the lithium battery. Their respective characteristic had decided they will coexist in a long time develop. Because the different type batterys charge characteristic is different, usually to different type, even different voltage, capacity rank battery use different battery charger, but this has many inconveniences in the actual use. This topic design is one kind lithium ion battery charger which is based on Single Chip, in the design, it has chosen succinctly, the highly effective hardware, the design stable reliable software, explained in detail systems hardware composition, including the monolithic integrated circuit electric circuit, the charge control electric circuit, the voltage transformation and the light pair isolating circuit, and to this battery chargers core component - MAX1898 charge chip, at89C2051 monolithic integrated circuit has carried on the detailed introduction. Elaborated systems software and hardware design. Take the C language as the development kit, has carried on the detailed design and the code. Has realized systems reliability, the stability, the security