槽式太阳能热发电系统集热与相变蓄热耦合特性研究.doc

  槽式太阳能热发电系统集热与相变蓄热耦 合特性研究# 陶于兵，唐宗斌，何雅玲* 5 （西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院，热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室，西安 710049） 摘 要：建立了槽式太阳能集热与相变蓄热单元的耦合模型，集热器采用沿长度方向的一维 分布参数模型，相变蓄热单元采用二维轴对称模型，自行开发了 1-2 维耦合的数值模拟程序。 首先，研究了一天中随着太阳辐射强度非稳态变化，引起的集热器出口工质温度的非稳态特 性；随后，重点讨论了非稳态入口温度对相变蓄热材料的熔化分数、蓄热量、蓄热速率的影 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 响规律；并对比分析了采用两级相变材料和单一相变材料时蓄热单元的蓄热性能。结果表明， 由于受到太阳辐射强度非稳态特性的影响，相变材料的蓄热速率随时间呈现先减小、再增大、 然后再次快速降低的变化规律；总蓄热量随时间呈现先增加再减小的变化规律。采用单一相 变材料时，相变材料在 14.38 h 完全熔化，总蓄热量在 16.55 h 达到最大值；而采用两级组 合相变材料时，相变材料在 13.77 h 完全熔化，总蓄热量在 15.57 h 达到最大值；证明了采 用两级相变蓄热能够提高相变蓄热速率，减小蓄热时间。 关键词：槽式太阳能集热器；相变蓄热；耦合特性；非稳态特性 中图分类号：TK124 Coupling Characteristics Research of Solar Parabolic Trough Collector and Latent Heat Storage Unit Tao Yubing, Tang Zongbin, He Yaling (Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of MOE, School of Energy Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049) Abstract: The coupling model of solar parabolic through collector (PTC) and latent heat storage (LHS) units was established. The one-dimensional (1-D) and two-dimensional (2-D) coupled simulation code was self-developed, where the 1-D distributed parameter model was used to deal with the convection heat transfer process of heat transfer fluid (HTF) in the vacuum tube solar collector and 2-D axisymmetric model was used to deal with the LHS process of phase change material (PCM) in the shell-and-tube LHS unit. Firstly, the unsteady characteristics of HTF outlet temperature in PTC during a whole day were investigated based on the tested solar radiation data. Then the emphases were focused on examining the effects of the unsteady HTF inlet temperature on PCM liquid fraction, LHS rate and total LHS capacity. Lastly, the comparative studies on the LHS performance with two different LHS methods were performed, one is using single PCM and another is using cascaded PCMs. The results show that due to the effect of unsteady solar radiation, the heat storage rate quickly decreases at first, and then it will slowly increase until reach