固相微萃取在农药残留分析中的应用.docVIP

  固相微萃取在农药残留分析中的应用 汪雨龙，高远莉，王培培，李秀娟 （华中农业大学食品科学技术学院，武汉 430070） 摘要：固相微萃取(solid-phase microextraction, SPME)技术，操作简便快速，适用于食品中各 类农药残留的检测。重点阐述了不同类型农药分析所选用的涂层，涂层的选择原则上遵循“相 似相溶”的原理，同时还要综合考虑影响萃取效率的其他因素，如萃取模式、样品基质等； 分析了自制萃取头萃取效率高的原因，得益于涂层大的比表面积和涂层材料与待测物之间强 的相互作用；并对今后 SPME 技术的发展趋势进行了预测，主要为新涂层、新装置的研制 以及 SPME 与其他前处理技术、检测仪器联用两个方向。 关键词：固相微萃取；农药残留；涂层；应用 中图分类号：O658.2 文献标识码：A  Applications of solid-phase microextraction in pesticide residues analysis Wang Yulong, Gao Yuanli, Wang Peipei, Li Xiujuan (College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China) Abstract: Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) has been widely applied in the determination of pesticide residues in food samples due to its simple, rapid and versatile characteristics. This review, centred on publications during the last few years, puts emphasis on the selection of SPME fibers for different kinds of pesticide residues. The choice of coating is based on the similarity principle, and various parameters affecting extraction efficiency should also be taken into consideration, including extraction mode and sample matrix. The characteristics of some self-made coatings are also analyzed, and their good extraction efficiency are attributed to the increased surface area and interactions between the coating and the analytes. At last, the development of SPME is prospected with the focus on both the exploration of new devices and coating materials, and the combination with other sample preparation technologies and analytical instrumentation. Key words: solid-phase microextraction; pesticide residues; coating; application 0 引 言 近年来，由农药残留超标导致的食品安全案例频发，食品、环境以及生物样品中农药残 留问题备受关注。为了获得定量和定性的农残信息，各国学者进行了大量的相关研究 [1-5] 由于往往不清楚农药来源，加上农药的种类繁多、异构体、同系物、降解物和代谢物等原因 [6] 定量分析多种类型的农药残留。有效的样品制备技术是目前农残检测工作的瓶颈。固相微萃 取(solid-phase microextraction, SPME)，自 1990 年由加拿大 Waterloo 大学的 Arhturhe 和 Pawliszyn 创立到 1993 年由美国 Supelco 公司推出商品化装置以来，在样品前处理中得到了 广泛的应用。与传统的样品前处理技术相比较，SPME 集采样、萃取、浓缩和进样于一体， 操作快速、简便，无需有机溶剂，所需样品量少