基于单片机遥控小车的设计.doc

基于单片机遥控小车的设计 摘 要 随着电子业的发展，自动化已不再是一个新鲜的话题，无人驾驶小汽车也必将进入实用阶段，本系统模拟PT2262/PT2272芯片的无线遥控模块装置，本次设计基于完备的软硬件系统，很好的实现了电动小汽车的前后行进，特定路径的行驶，以及停车。整个系统的电路结构简单，可靠性能高。实验测试结果满足要求，本文着重介绍了该系统的硬件设计方法及测试结果分析 关键词:单片机；无线控制技术；PWM调速；L298N；PT2262/2272。 The Design of Remote Control Car Based On MCU Abstract Along with the development of electronic, automation is not a fresh word any more, and no-man controlled cars will be realized. The new invention of modern intelligence, is a future of development, he can follow the pattern set in advance in an environment where automatic operation, no humans management, used in scientific exploration and so on. Smart electric car is one of expression. That system is based on the design of 51 MCU controlled car. 89C51 MCU is eight-figure microcontroller, which receives high praise from the users because of its easy use and versatility. This graduation design introduces how 89C51 MCU realize the remote control of the car, a combination of the practical application and design. This system designs for the purpose of the topic request, using 89C51 MCU as control core, the car motor control by L298N,and wireless remote control which chip PT2262/2272 device, with the electric car, driving, and the particular path park. The whole system of the circuit structure is simple and reliable. This paper introduces the hardware design method of the system and the analysis of the test results. Keyword: MCU; Wireless Remote Control; PWM speed adjusting;L298N；PT2262/2272 目 录 1 前 言 1 2 方案设计与论证 2 2.1 直流调速系统 2 2.2 无线控制系统 3 2.3 系统原理图 4 3 硬件设计与实现 5 3.1 89c51单片机硬件结构 5 3.1.1 一个8位的微处理器（CPU） 6 3.1.2 存储器 6 3.1.3 I/O接口 6 3.1.4 定时器/计数器 6 3.1.5 五个中断源的中断控制系统 7 3.1.6振荡器及定时电路 7 3.2 89C51单片机引脚及其功能 7 3.2.1 电源引脚Vcc和Vss 8 3.2.2 时钟电路引脚XTAL1和XTAL2 8 3.2.3 控制信号引脚RST，ALE，/PSEN和/EA 8 3.2.4 输入/输出端口P0，P1，P2和P3 9 3.3 系统运动控制部分设计 10 3.3.1 电机选型 10 3.3.2 L298N驱动电机 10 3.4 无线电发射接收模块介绍 13 3.5 51单片机的最小应用系统设计 17 3.6 PWM调速系统 18 4 软件设计 21 5 测试数据、测试结果分析及结论 23 致 谢 24 参考文献 25 附录1 程序清单 26 附录2 系统电路图 27 1 前