外文文献—机器人技术发展趋势.docVIP

附录Ⅰ英文资料翻译 Robotics technology trends By : Jim Pinto,San Diego, CA.USA When it comes to robots, reality still lags science fiction. But, just because robots have not lived up to their promise in past decades does not mean that they will not arrive sooner or later. Indeed, the confluence of several advanced technologies is bringing the age of robotics ever nearer-smaller, cheaper, more practical and cost-effective. Brawn, Bone Brain There are 3 aspects of any robot: Brawn：strength relating to physical payload that a robot can move. Bone：the physical structure of a robot relative to the work it does; this determines the size and weight of the robot in relation to its physical payload. Brain：robotic intelligence; what it can think and do independently; how much manual interaction is required. Because of the way robots have been pictured in science fiction, many people expect robots to be human-like in appearance. But in fact what a robot looks like is more related to the tasks or functions it performs. A lot of machines that look nothing like humans can clearly be classified as robots. And similarly, some human-looking robots are not much beyond mechanical mechanisms, or toys. Many early robots were big machines, with significant brawn and little else. Old hydraulically powered robots were relegated to tasks in the 3-D category：dull, dirty and dangerous. The technological advances since the first industry implementation have completely revised the capability, performance and strategic benefits of robots. For example, by the 1980s robots transitioned from being hydraulically powered to become electrically driven units. Accuracy and performance improved. Robot intelligence Even with primitive intelligence, robots have demonstrated ability to generate good gains in factory productivity, efficiency and quality. Beyond that, some of the smartest robots are not in manufacturing; they are used as space explorers, remotely operated surgeons and even pets ，like Sonys AIB