外文文献—计算机网络.docVIP

英文原文： Computer network A computer network, often simply referred to as a network, is a collection of computers and devices interconnected by communications channels that facilitate communications among users and allows users to share resources. Networks may be classified according to a wide variety of characteristics. A computer network allows sharing of resources and information among interconnected devices. History ： Early networks of communicating computers included the military radar system Semi-Automatic Ground Environment SAGE and its relative the commercial airline reservation system Semi-Automatic Business Research Environment SABRE ,started in the late 1950s.[1][2] When Russia launched His SPUTNIK Satellite in Space In 1957.The American Started Agency Names ADVANCE RESEARCH PROJECT AGENCY ARPA launched THis 1st Satellite Within 18 Month After Establishment.Then Sharing Of TheInformation InAnother Computer They Use ARPANET.And This All Responsibility On Americas Dr.LIED LIEDER.Then in 1969,ARPANET Comes in INDIA And INDIAN Switched This Name To NETWORK. In the 1960s, the Advanced Research Projects Agency ARPA started funding the design of the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network ARPANET for the United States Department of Defense. Development of the network began in 1969, based on designs developed during the 1960s.[3] The ARPANET evolved into the modern Internet. Purpose ： Computer networks can be used for a variety of purposes: Facilitating communications. Using a network, people can communicate efficiently and easily via email, instant messaging, chat rooms, telephone, video telephone calls, and video conferencing. Sharing hardware.： In a networked environment, each computer on a network may access and use hardware resources on the network, such as printing a document on a shared network printer. Sharing files, data, and information. In a network environment, authorized user may access data and information stored on other com