外文翻译--环境会计之废物管理：澳大利亚地方政府的一项研究.docVIP

本科毕业论文（设计） 外 文 翻 译 外文出处 Environmentalist,2007（27）:143 外文作者 钱伟 罗杰.伯里特 原文： Environmental accounting for waste management : A study of local governments in Australia Introduction Along with the growing urban population in Australia in recent years, waste generation has grown rapidly. It is estimated that more than 20 million tonnes of solid waste is collected and disposed of in landfills each year nationwide (ABS, 1998). Evidence suggests that Australia’s level of waste generation per capita is one of the highest in the world (Environment Australia, 2001). Given the limited capacity of the ecosystem and environmental impacts of waste disposal to the ecosystem, the increasing quantities of waste have become a critical problem challenging sustainable development. This has generated issues of appropriate waste control and material recovery. There is no doubt that local governments can play an important part in improving the situation and achieving sustainable waste management targets in order to meet the needs of local communities and future generations. In Australia, management for domestic and municipal waste, largely arising from domestic premises, is the responsibility of local governments. Even though the management of industrial, commercial and construction waste is the responsibility of the generator, the end-of-pipe disposal of such waste is often under the control of local authorities, most of which own disposal facilities. The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) estimates that local governments in Australia are spending between $2 to $3 billion per annum on environmental management and waste management has accounted for a significant amount of environmental protection expenditure (e.g. local government expenditure on waste management has rose to 58 per cent of total environmental expenditure during 2000–01) (ABS, 2000–2001). Due to the increasing waste generation, increasing land prices and more stringent envi