云纹干涉法测量流体温度场的.doc

摘 要 微细尺度对流换热温度场的光学测量技术是微细尺度传热学研究领域的重要研究内容，它可以为微细尺度传热学的实验研究提供有效的技术途径。本文针对微细尺度对流换热温度场的特点，提出了一种可用于微细尺度对流换热温度场测量的傅立叶变换莫尔偏折法。 提高莫尔偏折法的测量灵敏度，是解决微细尺度对流换热温度场测量的关键。本文研究并探索了提高测量灵敏度的三个技术途径。研究了利用莫尔偏折法测量微细尺度对流换热流体温度场的基本原理，建立了该方法的几何光学和物理光学模型，分析并掌握了莫尔条纹的形成规律，讨论了实验装置中光学参数对莫尔偏折法测量温度的影响，提出了探测微细尺度热流场对光学参数的要求。 最后，本文进行了实验验证，利用傅立叶变换莫尔偏折法测量了竖直加热细丝自然对流温度场。实验中不仅顺利地探测到了细丝加热前后莫尔条纹的变化，还得到了细丝周围流场的温度分布。 实验验证表明，本文所提出的测量微细尺度对流换热温度场的傅立叶变换莫尔偏折法是可行的，所提出的提高微细尺度流场测量灵敏度的三种技术途径也是有效的，它将对微细尺度传热学的研究提供一种有效的实验方法。 关键词：微细尺度传热学，莫尔偏折法，傅立叶变换，温度场测量。 Abstract Optical flow visualization and measurement is one of the interesting fields in the experimental researches of heat transfer, especially in the field of mini/micro scale heat transfer. An optical method, Fourier Transform Moiré Deflectometry, applicable to mini/micro scale heat transfer, is proposed in this paper. In this paper, the researches are focused on the improvement of measurement sensitivity, so as to meet the needs of measurement for mini/micro scale fluid temperature distribution. Three approaches are presented. physical and mathematical models of Moiré Deflectometry are investigated to make clear the rule of Moiré fringes’ generation. Based on the investigation, it is pointed out how to select appropriate optical parameters to measure the teperature of mini/micro scale fluid. To verify the optical method, temperature distribution for natural convection around a vertical heated thin wire was measured by Fourier Transform Moiré Deflectometry. The small phase variation in moiré fringes,when the thin wire was heated, was obtained successfully. Furthermore, the temperature distribution around the heated thin wire was finally determined. proposed in this paper is actually applicable to mini/micro scale fluidtemperature measurement. The researches also showed that the three approaches to improve the measurement sensitivity work well. The optical method will be a useful experiment technique for mini/micro scale heat transfer. Key words: Mini/micro scal