加工直径为400毫米普通车床的进给系统传动系统设计.doc

PAGE 本科生毕业设计（论文）用微机数控技术改造自大加工直径为400毫米普通车床的进给传动系统摘 要随着科学技术和社会的不断发展，社会对产品多样化的要求日益提高，产品更新换代越来越快，多品种小批量生产比重加大，零件形状越来越复杂，精度越来越高，而计算机数控机床就是数控机床在计算机监控下进行工作。它的优点很多,如可以在同一机床上一次装夹可完成多个操作，生产率显著提高等优点，但它的价格昂贵。总体设计方案：在普通车床上采用适合现场实时控制的80C51单片机为控制器，以运行特性好、可靠性高的步进电机为驱动执行元件进行数控改造。在本次设计中，就包括了关于数控技术的基础知识，并且针对本次设计的课题，拟定了一系列的方案，进给系统的总体方案，数控车床进给传动系统的机械部分，以及数控系统的硬件分析和设计。关键词：改造、步进电机、伺服电机、传动系统、数控机床AbstractAs science and technology and continuous development of society, societys demands for increasing product diversification, product upgrades faster and faster, and more varieties of small batch production increased in importance, more and more complex shape parts, increasing accuracy.When Numerical Control is performed under computer supervision, it is called Computer Numerical Control (CNC).CNC machines have many advantages over conventional machines. For example, there is a possibility lf performing operations on the same machine in one setup and production is significantly increased. One of its disadvantages is that they are quite expensive. In our country conventional machine is used widely. So if the machines are replaced, there is going to need a large money. In order to agree with the development of our economy, we can reform the conventional machines. The overall master design: The way to NC improvement of general machine tool was introduced that using single-chip computer 80C51 to realize the real-time control and driving by step motor.In this design, it includes information on the basics of digital technology and design for this project, developed a series of solutions into the overall solution to the system, CNC lathe feed drive system of mechanical parts, and CNC system hardware analysis and design.Key word: machining、step motor、CNC、servomechanism、drive system前 言随着科学技术的发展,现代机械制造要求产品的形状和结构不断改进，对零件的加工质量的要求也越来越高。随着社会对产品多样化要求的增强，产品品种增多,产品更新换代加速。数控机床代替普通机床被广泛应用是一个必然的趋势。同时，数控机床将向着更高的速度、精度、可靠性及完善性的功能发展。 数控机床经济型改造,实质是机械工程技术与微电子技术的结合。经改造后的机床加工的精度、效率、速度都有了很明显的提高，适合我国现在经济水平的发展要求。本次毕业设计主