多孔铁基三元合金材料的制备及显微结构的演变论文初稿.doc

本科毕业设计说明书（论文） （2012届） 题目：多孔铁基三元合金材料的制备及显微结构的演变 多孔铁基三元合金材料的制备及显微结构的演变 摘 要 泡沫金属是一种具有独特结构和性能的新型功能材料。它具备的优异的物理性能, 如密度小、强度大、比表面积大、吸能减振性能好、消音降噪效果好、电磁屏蔽性能高, 使其应用领域已扩展到航空、电子、医用材料及生物化学领域等 。泡沫合金由于具有三维网状结构、孔隙率高、比表面积大、质量均匀、活性好，因此可以作为催化剂载体使用，并将在此领域得到广泛应用。 本研究以聚氨酯泡沫为基体，经过电沉积铁，并通过包埋法渗入铬铝，通过控制铬铝的配比和烧结保温时间，获得了高孔隙空隙分布规整的泡沫Fe-Cr-Al合金，并对其力学性能、微观形貌和物相进行了研究。 实验结果表明，在烧结温度为800摄氏度时，Cr:Al=3:1时候的烧结保温时间为2h的泡沫铁铬铝合金的抗压强度最好。而且相同条件下，抗压强度随着铬铝的配比成规则变化，随着铬含量的增大其抗压强度增大。在烧结温度为800摄氏度时，相同的铬铝配比条件下，抗压强度随着烧结保温时间的不断增加成不规则变化。在烧结温度相同，烧结保温时间相同，包浆液铝粉的含量相同的情况下，加入铬会使铝的渗入量减少，但是随着铬加入的量得增大会使抗压强度得到大幅度提高。在不同的烧结保温时间或者不同的铬铝配比下，由于产生的物相不同都会使材料的抗压强度不同。 关键词：泡沫金属，时间，配比，性能 Preparation and microstructure evolution of the base material of the porous iron ternary alloy materials ABSTRACT The metal foam is a unique structure and properties of new functional materials. It has excellent physical properties such as small density, strength, large surface area, energy absorbing damping performance muffler noise reduction effect ,electromagnetic shielding performance, so its application field has been extended to the aerospace, electronics, and medical materials and biochemistry and so on. Alloy foams with three-dimensional structure, high porosity, large surface area, uniform quality, good activity, it can be used as catalyst, and are widely used in this field. In this study, we use polyurethane foam as matrix, and penetrate through the embedding of chromium electrodeposition of iron, aluminum, and gained control chromium-aluminum ratio and sintering holding time, to get the gap distribution of high porosity regular foam of Fe-Cr-Al alloy ,and study its mechanical properties, microstructure and physical phase. The experimental results show that when the sintering temperature of 800 ° C, Cr: Al = 3:1 and the sintering holding time for 2 hours ,we get the best foam compressive strength of the Fe-Cr alloy . Under the same conditions, the compressive strength of rule changes with the chromium-aluminum ratio, the comp